Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics reported by mean ± standard deviation.
| Physically Robust (PR+Cog+) n = 41 | Not Physically Robust (PR-) | PR+Cog+ Vs PR-Cog+ |
PR+Cog+ Vs PR-Cog- |
PR-Cog+ Vs PR-Cog- |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Cognitive Performance (PR-Cog+) n = 89 |
Cognitive Impairment Risk(PR-Cog-) n = 29 |
|||||
| mean ± SD | mean ± SD | mean ± SD | p-Value (Effect Size) | |||
| Age, years | 73.4 ± 7.2 | 76.5 ± 11.7 | 74.7 ± 10.8 | 0.123(0.32) | 0.626(0.14) | 0.416(0.16) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.9 ± 5.7 | 29.7 ± 7.0 | 31.7 ± 6.6 | 0.000(0.75) | 0.000(1.09) | 0.170(0.29) |
| MMSE | 29.5 ± 0.7 | 29.2 ± 0.8 | 24.5 ± 2.6 | 0.303(0.34) | 0.000(2.65) | 0.000(2.49) |
| Concern about falls (FES-I) | 20.2 ± 3.6 | 26.1 ± 13.4 | 22.9 ± 11.4 | 0.007(0.59) | 0.326(0.32) | 0.199(0.25) |
| Depression (CES-D) | 6.5 ± 5.7 | 9.7 ± 7.2 | 10.8 ± 7.1 | 0.014(0.49) | 0.012(0.65) | 0.477(0.15) |
| Medications | 2.4 ± 1.8 | 4.6 ± 3.6 | 4.6 ± 4.9 | 0.002(0.77) | 0.034(0.60) | 0.968(0.01) |
| Comorbidities | 2.3 ± 1.8 | 3.9 ± 2.1 | 4.3 ± 2.1 | 0.000(0.81) | 0.002(1.03) | 0.519(0.19) |
BMI = body mass index, CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination, FES-I = Falls Efficacy Scale International. PR+ = physically robust, PR- = Presence of any frailty phenotype, Cog+ = high cognitive performance, Cog- = cognitive impairment risk.