TABLE 3.
GLP1RA Cardiovascular Outcome Trials
| ELIXA Lixisenatide (n = 6,068) | LEADER Liraglutide (n = 9,340) | SUSTAIN-6 Semaglutide (n = 3,297) | EXSCEL Exenatide Every Week (n = 14,752) | HARMONY Albiglutide Every Week (n = 9,463) | REWIND Dulaglutide Every Week (n = 9,901) | PIONEER Semaglutide Oral (n = 3,182) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median follow-up, yrs | 2.1 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 5.4 | 1.3 |
| Mean age, yrs | 60 | 64 | 54 | 62 | 64 | 66 | 66 |
| Female, % | 30 | 36 | 39 | 38 | 31 | 46 | 32 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 30.2 | NR | NR | NR | 32.3 | 32.3 | 32.3 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.1 | 8.8 | 7.3 | 8.2 |
| Baseline metformin, %* | 76 | 73 | 76 | 74 | 81 | 57 | 51 |
| Baseline eGFR† | 76 | 75 | 75 | 76 | 79 | 75 | 74 |
| eGFR† <60, % | 23 | 23 | 28.5 | 18 | 23 | 22 | 27 |
| Prior CVD, % | 100 | 81 | 83 | 73 | 100 | 32 | 85 |
| Prior HF, % | 22 | 18 | 24 | 16 | 20 | 9 | NR |
| 3P-MACE | 1.02 (0.89–1.17) | 0.87 (0.78–0.97) | 0.74 (0.58–0.95) | 0.91 (0.83–1.00) | 0.78 (0.68–0.90) | 0.88 (0.79–0.99) | 0.79 (0.57–1.11) |
| CV death | 0.98 (0.78–1.22) | 0.78 (0.66–0.93) | 0.98 (0.65–1.48) | 0.88 (0.76–1.02) | 0.93 (0.73–1.19) | 0.91 (0.78–1.06) | 0.49 (0.27–0.92) |
| Nonfatal MI | 1.03 (0.87–1.22) | 0.86 (0.73–1.00) | 0.74 (0.51–1.08) | 0.97 (0.85–1.10) | 0.75 (0.61–0.90) | 0.96 (0.79–1.16) | 1.18 (0.73–1.90) |
| Nonfatal stroke | 1.12 (0.79–1.58) | 0.86 (0.71–1.06) | 0.61 (0.38–0.99) | 0.85 (0.70–1.03) | 0.86 (0.66–1.14) | 0.76 (0.61–0.95) | 0.74 (0.35–1.57) |
| All-cause mortality | 0.94 (0.78–1.13) | 0.85 (0.74–0.97) | 1.05 (0.74–1.50) | 0.86 (0.77–0.97) | 0.95 (0.79–1.16) | 0.90 (0.80–1.01) | 0.51 (0.31–0.84) |
| HHF | 0.96 (0.75–1.23) | 0.87 (0.73–1.05) | 1.11 (0.77–1.61) | 0.94 (0.78–1.13) | NR | 0.93 (0.77–1.12) | 0.86 (0.48–1.55) |
| Renal events‡ | 0.81 (0.66–0.99) | 0.78 (0.67–0.92) | 0.64 (0.46–0.88) | 0.85 (0.73–0.98) | NR | 0.85 (0.77–0.93) | NR |
| Weight loss§ | 0.7 (0.9–0.5) | 2.3 (2.5–2.0) | 2.9 (2.3–3.5)/3.6 (3.8–4.9)* | 1.3 (1.1–1.4) | 0.83 (0.6–1.1) at 16 months | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) | 2.9/4.3¶ |
Values are hazard ratio (confidence interval) unless otherwise indicated.
*
Average of entire study group (treatment and control).
†
eGFR units ml/min/1.73 m2.
‡
Definition varied across trials.
§
Kilogram difference from placebo, 95% confidence interval.
¶
0.5 mg dose/1 mg dose.
ELIXA = ■■■; GL1PRA = glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist; HARMONY = ■■■; LEADER = ■■■; PIONEER = ■■■; REWIND = ■■■; SUSTAIN 6 = ■■■; other abbreviations as in Table 1.