Table 1.
Demographic and behavioral data for young and middle-aged groups with and without ASD
| YA-ASD (n=24) | MA-ASD (n=25) | YA-NT (n=15) | MA-NT (n=21) | Statistics | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 21.1 (2.3) | 53.0 (8.8) | 20.9 (2.4) | 49.7 (6.9) | YA: t37=−0.20, p=.85, ηp2=0.00 |
| Range | 18 – 25 | 40 – 70 | 18 – 25 | 40 – 64 | MA: t44=−1.42, p=.16, ηp2=0.05 |
| IQ | 104.6 (14.4) | 109.6 (15.0) | 111.8 (13.1) | 111.0 (13.5) | F(3, 81)=1.11, p=.35, ηp2=0.04 |
| Range | 85 – 139 | 70 – 131 | 88 – 135 | 89 – 141 | |
| Education | 12.7 (1.3) | 15.5 (2.7) | 14.7 (2.0) | 16.0 (2.4) | F(3, 81)=10.47, p=.00*, ηp2=0.28 |
| Range | 9 – 15 | 11 – 20 | 12 – 18 | 9 – 20 | |
| ADOS-2 Total | 10.3 (3.6) | 10.6 (3.0) | - | - | t47=−0.33, p=.75, ηp2=0.00 |
| Range | 2 – 17a | 7 – 19 | |||
| SRS-2 Totalb | 69.7 (11.0) | 73.2 (10.0) | 46.6 (7.3) | 45.7 (6.3) | ASD: F(1, 42)=1.72, p=.20, ηp2=0.04f |
| Range | 50 – 84 | 56 – 89 | 39 – 66 | 37 – 60 | |
| SRS-2 SC | 65.8 (11.1) | 71.3 (11.1) | 45.8 (6.8) | 45.5 (7.8) | ASD: F(1, 42)=4.10,p=.05^ ηp2=0.09f |
| Range | 46 – 83 | 48 – 90 | 37 – 60 | 37 – 72 | (Exploratory) |
| Tol Moves | 27.7 (19.8) | 20.5 (16.2) | 15.3 (14.0) | 19.6 (8.7) | F(3, 80)=1.74, p=.17, ηp2=0.06f |
| Range | 5 – 76 | 0 – 52 | 0 – 45 | 2 – 36 | |
| Depressionc (% of sample) | 25.00% | 40.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | |
| Anxietyd (% of sample) | 29.00% | 56.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | |
| ADHD/ADDe (% of sample) | 12.50% | 24.00% | 0.00% | 4.76% |
*
p≤0.05;
^
p≤0.05 explorato; Middle-age (MA); Young Adult (YA); Tol (Tower of London); SRS-2 (Social Responsiveness Scale-2n Edition); SC (Social Cognition subscale).
a
Two YA-ASD did not meet ADOS-2 criteria, but cut-off was overruled based on clinician judgment.
b
Three YA-ASD and one MA-ASD were missing SRS-2 scores.
c
Measured by the Beck Depression Inventory-II in ASD groups and self-report in NT groups.
d
Measured by the State Trait AnxieV Inventory in ASD groups and self-report in NT groups; One YA ASD missing scores.
e
Based on self-report;
e
IQ included as a covariate