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. 2019 Jun 20;11(3):588–602. doi: 10.14336/AD.2019.0620

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Copyright: © 2020 Ban et al.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

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Figure 8. — Effects of linagliptin on renal tubular cell injury in HRPTEpiCs. (A) The Ang II-treated group showed an increased number of SA β-gal-positive cells compared to the Cont group. Treatment with LIN decreased the number of SA β-gal-positive cells in the Ang II group, whereas LIN treatment did not affect that in the Cont group. (B) Representative western blots of expression of the renin-angiotensin system in HRPTEpiCs. (C) and (D) Ang II increased the expression of ACE and AT1R compared to the control (p < 0.05 for both), but those effects diminished after adding linagliptin to the Ang II-treated cells (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). (E) and (F) The expression levels of AT2R and MasR in the Ang II groups were not different regardless of LIN treatment. (G) Representative western blots of expression of the markers of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant systems in HRPTEpiCs. (H) and (I) The levels of fibronectin and collagen IV were increased in HRPTEpiCs treated with Ang II (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively), but those effects were stabilized after the administration of linagliptin to Ang II-treated cells (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). (J) and (K) The expression levels of SOD1 and SOD2 were not significantly changed in HRPTEpiCs treated with Ang II. The expression of SOD1 improved after adding linagliptin to Ang II-treated cells (p < 0.05), but the expression of SOD2 did not change even after the addition of linagliptin. (L) Representative western blots showing decreased levels of DPP-4 and AT1R in HRPTEpiCs transfected with siRNAs targeting DPP-4. (M) and (N) DPP-4 and AT1R levels were significantly decreased in cells transfected with the siRNA targeting DPP-4 (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). (*p < 0.05, †p < 0.01, and ‡p < 0.001).