Table 2.

Adjusted Logistic Regression Models Examining Pain as a Predictor of Lifetime Use of Individual Nicotine Products

	E-Cigarettes			Cigars			Cigarillos
	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
Age	.99	.96–1.02	.506	.97	.93–1.00	.055	.98	.95–1.01	.253
Racea	.94	.52–1.72	.851	.97	.49–1.94	.936	1.43	.70–2.91	.325
Sexb	2.07	1.13–3.82	.019	.75	.36–1.55	.433	2.86	1.44–5.70	.003*
Employment Statusc	.38	.17–.83	.136	.79	.31–2.01	.623	.79	.33–1.88	.595
Depressiond	1.05	.99–1.11	.136	1.07	1.00–1.14	.046*	1.07	1.00–1.14	.030*
Pain Statuse	3.78	1.95–7.35	<.001**	7.83	3.80–16.10	<.001**	1.47	.71–3.03	.301
	Pipes			Hookah			Chewing Tobacco
	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
Age	.90	.835–.98	.013*	.88	.82–.95	.001*	1.01	.97–1.04	.682
Racea	.86	.24–3.00	.807	.52	.18–1.54	.238	.33	.18–.64	.001*
Sexb	.79	.29–2.85	.715	3.81	1.26–11.44	.017*	.57	.28–1.16	.122
Employment Statusc	.20	.06–.73	.015*	.30	.09–.94	.039*	3.24	1.00–10.48	.049*
Depressiond	.98	.88–1.09	.681	.98	.89–1.08	.660	1.09	1.02–1.17	.011*
Pain Statuse	3.66	1.07–12.55	.039*	4.48	1.36–14.82	.014*	.56	.25–1.24	.154
	Dip			Snus			Snuff
	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
Age	1.02	.99–1.06	.232	1.04	.99–1.08	.077	1.07	1.02–1.12	.005*
Racea	.65	.32–1.32	.234	1.37	.62–3.04	.441	1.23	.49–3.08	.661
Sexb	.74	.34–1.62	.451	.83	.38–1.90	.659	.88	.34–2.28	.785
Employment Statusc	1.26	.42–3.79	.676	1.78	.53–6.02	.355	2.9	.57–15.44	.194
Depressiond	1.03	.96–1.11	.370	1.06	.98–1.14	.169	1.08	.98–1.19	.118
Pain Statuse	.50	.19–1.30	.154	.54	.21–1.36	.191	.14	.03–.69	.015*

Notes:

^aRace (0 – Non-White, 1 – White);

^bSex (0 – Male, 1 – Female);

^c(Employment Status (0 – Unemployed, 1 – Employed);

^dDepression – Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ – 9);

^ePain Status (0 – No Pain, 1 - Pain);

^*p < .05;

^**p < .001 and significant after Bonferroni Correction.