. 2019 Nov 27;29(5):609–617. doi: 10.1007/s10068-019-00714-5

Table 1.

The major chemical and physical properties of finished beers

Properties	Beer A	Beer B	Beer C	Beer D
Original extract (°Plato)	13.11 ± 0.02^a	13.09 ± 0.04^a	13.10 ± 0.03^a	13.14 ± 0.03^a
Ethanol content (% v/v)	5.20 ± 0.10^a	5.10 ± 0.10^a	5.10^a	5.2 ± 0.10^a
pH	4.05 ± 0.03^c	4.22 ± 0.03^bc	4.36 ± 0.02^b	4.77 ± 0.04^a
Color (EBC)	28.60 ± 0.10^a	26.6 ± 0.10^b	25.8 ± 0.20^bc	23.4 ± 0.10^c
Bitterness (IBU)	29.3 ± 0.20^a	27.9 ± 0.09^b	26.8 ± 0.11^b	24.4 ± 0.10^c
Colloidal haze (EBC)	1.18 ± 0.09^b	1.21 ± 0.07^b	7.19 ± 0.11^a	0.24 ± 0.02^c
Viscosity (cP)	1.57 ± 0.10^a	1.56 ± 0.10^a	1.52 ± 0.10^b	1.51^b
Diacetyl (μg/L)	96.80 ± 1.70^a	89.7 ± 0.80^a	89.6 ± 1.10^a	90.1 ± 1.0^a
Acetaldehyde (mg/L)	8.77 ± 0.42^a	8.01 ± 0.26^b	7.94 ± 0.45^b	8.03 ± 0.33^b
Ethyl acetate (mg/L)	30.15 ± 0.28^a	27.55 ± 0.30^b	28.02 ± 0.31^b	27.69 ± 0.25^b
Isoamyl acetate (mg/L)	2.50 ± 0.17^a	2.21 ± 0.16^b	2.22 ± 0.14^b	2.13 ± 0.11^b
Ethyl hexanoate (mg/L)	0.19 ± 0.02^a	0.14 ± 0.03^b	0.13 ± 0.02^b	0.14 ± 0.03^b
Ethyl caprylate (mg/L)	0.14 ± 0.03^a	0.15 ± 0.02^a	0.15 ± 0.02^a	0.16 ± 0.01^a
Propanol (mg/L)	14.12 ± 0.10^a	14.15 ± 0.13^a	14.04 ± 0.10^a	14.11 ± 0.12^a
Isobutanol (mg/L)	23.10 ± 0.14^a	22.99 ± 0.08^a	23.05 ± 0.21^a	23.11 ± 0.14^a
Isoamyl alcohol (mg/L)	57.15 ± 0.30^a	57.12 ± 0.21^a	56.62 ± 0.38^a	57.07 ± 0.35^a

Values are the means ± standard deviations of triplicate measurements. Means in a row that does not share the same alphabetical letter represent significant differences at p < 0.05