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. 2020 May 7;11:480. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00480

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Copyright © 2020 Stewart, Adams, Escobar, López-Pozo and Demmig-Adams.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic depicting the protocol for growth of L. gibba under different photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs). All plants were initially cultivated under 50 μmol photons m^–2 s^–1 and then transferred to either 100 or 200 μmol photons m^–2 s^–1. Following 3 days of acclimation, growth rate for these two PPFDs was monitored for 4 days after which fronds were sampled for the various features characterized. For the higher growth light intensities, additional fronds were transferred from 200 μmol photons m^–2 s^–1 to each of the PPFDs where each experienced a 3-day acclimation period followed by 4 days of characterized growth and sampling for the other parameters.