TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of prostate cancer survivors by age at diagnosis
| Demographic variables |
Overall n = 90 694 |
40‐54 n = 9507 (10.48%) |
55‐64 n = 30 318 (33.43%) |
65‐74 n = 33 136 (36.54%) |
75+ n = 17 733 (19.55%) |
P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age in years (SD, range) | 66.19 (9.25, 40‐105) | 50.81 (2.95, 40‐54) | 59.94 (2.78, 55‐64) | 69.17 (2.87, 65‐74) | 79.54 (4.03, 75‐105) | <.001 |
| Race/Ethnicity n (%) | <.001 | |||||
| Hispanic (any race) | 1246 (1.37) | 185 (1.95) | 468 (1.54) | 443 (1.34) | 150 (0.85) | |
| NH Black | 9444 (10.41) | 1600 (16.83) | 3662 (12.08) | 3013 (9.09) | 1169 (6.59) | |
| NH White | 75 161 (82.87) | 7315 (76.94) | 24 689 (81.43) | 27 728 (83.68) | 15 429 (87.01) | |
| Other | 1103 (1.22) | 108 (1.14) | 360 (1.19) | 447 (1.35) | 188 (1.06) | |
| Unknown | 3740 (4.12) | 299 (3.15) | 1139 (3.76) | 1505 (4.54) | 797 (4.49) | |
| Insurance status n (%) | <.001 | |||||
| Any private insurance/VA/TRICARE | 33 503 (36.94) | 6188 (65.09) | 18 663 (61.56) | 6589 (19.88) | 2063 (11.63) | |
| Medicaid | 1845 (2.03) | 395 (4.15) | 912 (3.01) | 390 (1.18) | 148 (0.83) | |
| Medicare only/Medicare plus private insurance | 30 934 (34.11) | 304 (3.20) | 2299 (7.58) | 17 989 (54.29) | 10 342 (58.32) | |
| Medicare with Medicaid eligibility | 924 (1.02) | 100 (1.05) | 216 (0.71) | 435 (1.31) | 173 (0.98) | |
| Other | 6465 (7.13) | 1005 (10.57) | 3466 (11.43) | 1379 (4.16) | 615 (3.47) | |
| Uninsured | 384 (0.42) | 69 (0.73) | 196 (0.65) | 88 (0.27) | 31 (0.17) | |
| Unknown | 16 639 (18.35) | 1446 (15.21) | 4566 (15.06) | 6266 (18.91) | 4361 (24.59) | |
| Rurality n (%) | <.001 | |||||
| Urban cluster | 6960 (7.67) | 643 (6.76) | 2041 (6.73) | 2621 (7.91) | 1655 (9.33) | |
| Rural | 20 828 (22.97) | 1953 (20.54) | 6896 (22.75) | 8073 (24.36) | 3906 (22.03) | |
| Urbanized area | 62 906 (69.36) | 6911 (72.69) | 21 381 (70.52) | 22 442 (67.73) | 12 172 (68.64) | |
| Prostate cancer characteristics | ||||||
| Serum PSA score in ng/mL | <.001 | |||||
| Mean (SD, range: 0.10‐98.00) | 10.30 (14.97) | 8.53 (12.85) | 8.95 (13.02) | 10.22 (14.78) | 14.14 (18.88) | |
| Median (25th‐75th percentile) | 5.80 (4.40‐9.10) | 5.10 (3.80‐7.60) | 5.40 (4.20‐7.90) | 6.00 (4.50‐9.00) | 7.60 (5.10‐13.30) | |
| Missing (n) | 11 640 | 943 | 3244 | 3812 | 3641 | |
| Lymph node status n (%) | <.001 | |||||
| Negative | 79 945 (88.15) | 8768 (92.23) | 27 740 (91.50) | 29 373 (88.64) | 14 064 (79.31) | |
| Positive (1 or more) | 1248 (1.38) | 197 (2.07) | 474 (1.56) | 400 (1.21) | 177 (1.00) | |
| Unknown | 9501 (10.48) | 542 (5.70) | 2104 (6.94) | 3363 (10.15) | 3492 (19.69) | |
| Prostate cancer aggressiveness n (%) | <.001 | |||||
|
Less aggressive Gleason score 6‐7 (3 + 4) and tumor stage of T1‐T2 and no distant metastasis |
56 121 (61.88) | 6746 (70.96) | 20 392 (67.26) | 20 585 (62.12) | 8398 (47.36) | |
|
More aggressive a Gleason score ≥ 7 (4 + 3) to 10 or tumor stage of T3‐T4 |
27 351 (30.16) | 2287 (24.06) | 8103 (26.73) | 9922 (29.94) | 7039 (39.69) | |
| Unknown | 7222 (7.96) | 474 (4.99) | 1823 (6.01) | 2629 (7.93) | 2296 (12.95) | |
| Treatment summary n (%) | <.001 | |||||
| Surgery only | 31 077 (34.27) | 6418 (67.51) | 15 791 (52.08) | 8230 (24.84) | 638 (3.60) | |
| Radiation only | 20 266 (22.35) | 1020 (10.73) | 5735 (18.92) | 9549 (28.82) | 3962 (22.34) | |
| Radiation plus surgery | 1387 (1.53) | 277 (2.91) | 715 (2.36) | 370 (1.12) | 25 (0.14) | |
| Radiation and/or surgery plus adjuvant therapy (HT and/or chemo) | 15 624 (17.23) | 647 (6.81) | 3329 (10.98) | 7185 (21.68) | 4463 (25.17) | |
| No treatment | 20 138 (22.20) | 1035 (10.89) | 4232 (13.96) | 7007 (21.15) | 7864 (44.35) | |
| Unknown | 2202 (2.43) | 110 (1.16) | 516 (1.70) | 795 (2.40) | 781 (4.40) | |
All reported percentages are column percentages.
For Race/Ethnicity, if a case was documented as Black or White Race with Unknown Ethnicity, the Ethnicity was assumed to be Non‐Hispanic. If Race was Other/Unknown with Non‐Hispanic Ethnicity, categorized as Other. Only when both the Race and the Ethnicity items were both unknown was the final status treated as Unknown.
Rurality refers to the census tract definition where Urbanized areas are characterized by populations of ≥50 000; Urban clusters ≥2500 and <50 000; and Rural <2500.
Tumor stage was based on TNM 7.
Primary site surgery refers only to total organ resection (radical prostatectomy (NOS) not otherwise specified, total prostatectomy NOS, prostatectomy with resection in continuity with other organs, prostatectomy NOS).
Adjuvant therapy refers to either chemotherapy treatment and/or hormone therapy (HT) treatment.
No treatment includes those cases for which some form of adjuvant therapy was the only indicated treatment modality.
P‐values reflect the results from the one‐way ANOVA for continuous characteristics and the Chi‐square test for categorical characteristics to evaluate the association with age, with missing values and Unknown levels excluded.
Abbreviations: PCR, Pennsylvania Cancer Registry; PSA, prostate‐specific antigen (PCR documentation top‐coded at 98.0 and bottom‐coded at 0.1); SD, standard deviation.
Excludes distant metastasis.