TABLE 3.
Stratified cox regressions by age group, reporting adjusted prostate cancer‐specific mortality risk
| Age at Dx (y) stratified cox regressions | 40‐54 | 55‐64 | 65‐74 | 75+ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment indicator | ||||
| No definitive treatment received (REF) | — | — | — | — |
| Treatment received a | 0.77 (0.16, 3.67) | 0.54 (0.29, 1.01) | 0.65 (0.42, 0.99)* | 0.69 (0.48, 0.99)* |
| Aggressiveness | ||||
| Less aggressive^ (REF) | — | — | — | — |
| More aggressive# | 9.47 (1.41, 63.84)* | 6.38 (3.32, 12.25)** | 5.96 (3.84, 9.25)** | 4.65 (3.42, 6.33)** |
| Smoking A | 0.94 (0.85, 1.04) | 0.98 (0.93, 1.03) | 1.02 (0.98, 1.06) | 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) |
| Obesity B | 1.03 (0.95, 1.12) | 1.02 (0.98, 1.06) | 1.05 (1.02, 1.08)* | 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) |
| Physical inactivity C | 0.93 (0.81, 1.07) | 0.99 (0.93, 1.05) | 1.00 (0.96, 1.05) | 1.00 (0.96, 1.04) |
| Chronic drinking D | 0.80 (0.63, 1.03) | 1.00 (0.90, 1.11) | 0.95 (0.88, 1.03) | 1.03 (0.95, 1.11) |
| Daily fruits/vegetables E | 0.97 (0.87, 1.09) | 1.00 (0.95, 1.05) | 1.01 (0.97, 1.05) | 0.96 (0.93, 1.00)* |
| Treatment × aggressiveness interaction | ||||
| Treatment received vs no definitive treatment received: more aggressive vs less aggressive | 0.59 (0.08, 4.55) | 0.96 (0.46, 2.01) | 0.75 (0.45, 1.24) | 0.52 (0.34, 0.80)* |
| More aggressive | ||||
| No definitive treatment received (REF) | — | — | — | — |
| Treatment received a | 0.45 (0.13, 1.59) | 0.52 (0.35, 0.78)* | 0.49 (0.37, 0.63)** | 0.36 (0.29, 0.45)** |
| Less aggressive | ||||
| No definitive treatment received (REF) | — | — | — | — |
| Treatment received a | 0.77 (0.16, 3.67) | 0.54 (0.29, 1.01) | 0.65 (0.42, 0.99)* | 0.69 (0.48, 0.99)* |
Cases with ‘Unknown’ or missing values for any of the covariates or the response were removed (n = 29 616 removed).
Main effects model with interaction: Treatment indicator + Disease aggressiveness + Race/ethnicity + Insurance status + Lymph node status + Serum PSA + Rurality + County‐level risk factors + Treatment indicator × Disease aggressiveness interaction.
County‐level (BRFSS region) risk factors we reassigned to PCR prostate cancer cases by county at the time of diagnosis, where counties within the same BRFSS region were linked with the same prevalence estimates as the region.
Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval).
Abbreviation: BRFSS, behavioral risk factor surveillance system; HT, hormone therapy; PCR, Pennsylvania Cancer Registry; REF, referent group.
Treatment received refers to any indication of the following modalities/combination of modalities: Surgery only, Radiation only, Surgery and radiation only, Radiation and/or surgery with adjuvant therapy (HT and/or chemo) treatment; those who received Adjuvant therapy only, or some other combination treatment therapy not listed, are categorized as ‘No treatment received’ for the purpose of these analyses.
Significant at P < .001.
Significant at P < .05.