Table 1.
Baseline personal and clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 assigned to hydroxychloroquine (treatment group) or no hydroxychloroquine (control group). Values are percentages (absolute numbers) unless stated otherwise
| Characteristics | Total (n=173) | Treatment group (n=84) | Control group (n=89) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal and clinical data | |||
| Median (interquartile range) age (years; n=173) | 60 (52-68) | 59 (48-67) | 62 (54-69) |
| Men (n=173) | 72 (125) | 77 (65) | 67 (60) |
| Comorbidities (n=173 except as otherwise specified): | |||
| Chronic respiratory disease (including asthma) | 11 (19) | 6 (5) | 16 (14) |
| Chronic heart failure (NYHA class III or IV) | 4 (6) | 1 (1) | 6 (5) |
| Cardiovascular diseases (including hypertension) | 51 (89) | 45 (38) | 57 (51) |
| Diabetes requiring insulin (n=172) | 9 (15) | 5 (4) | 12 (11) |
| Chronic kidney failure | 5 (9) | 1 (1) | 9 (8) |
| Liver cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class B or more) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 |
| Immunosuppression | 12 (20) | 10 (8) | 14 (12) |
| Body mass index >30 (n=167) | 26 (44) | 25 (21) | 27 (23) |
| Treatment with ACEIs or ARBs (n=173) | 30 (52) | 31 (26) | 29 (26) |
| Covid-19 data | |||
| Median (interquartile range) time from symptom onset to admission (days; n=173) | 7 (5-10) | 8 (6-10) | 7 (3-10) |
| Confusion on admission (n=171) | 4 (6) | 0 (0) | 7 (6) |
| Median (interquartile range) respiratory rate (per min; n=165) | 26 (22-30) | 26 (24-32) | 26 (20-30) |
| Median (interquartile range) oxygen saturation (without oxygen; n=170) | 92 (89-94) | 92 (89-94) | 92 (90-94) |
| Median (interquartile range) oxygen flow at admission (L/min; n=173) | 2 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | 2 (2-3) |
| Median (interquartile range) systolic blood pressure (mm Hg; n=172) | 128 (114-142) | 124 (112-138) | 130 (116-146) |
| Neutrophil count >8000/mm3 (n=172) | 14 (24) | 21 (17) | 8 (7) |
| Lymphocyte count <500/mm3 (n=172) | 9 (16) | 7 (6) | 11 (10) |
| C reactive protein >40 mg/L (n=170) | 85 (145) | 91 (76) | 80 (69) |
| Percentage of lung affected on CT scan >50% (n=135*) | 16 (22) | 22 (14) | 11 (8) |
| Azithromycin treatment (n=173) | 24 (41) | 18 (15) | 29 (26) |
| Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid treatment (n=173) | 40 (69) | 52 (44) | 28 (25) |
ACEI=angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB=angiotensin receptor blocker; CT=computed tomography; NYHA=New York Heart Association.
*
Thirty eight patients did not have computed tomography at admission.