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. 2020 Apr 18;25(8):1885. doi: 10.3390/molecules25081885

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Butein stimulates the upregulation of osteoblast-related gene expression. (A) Butein upregulated the gene expression of early and (B) late osteogenic markers in mBMSCs during osteogenesis. Cells were induced to osteoblast differentiation for 12 days in the absence (I + DMSO) or the presence of butein (I + butein, 30 µM). Expression of each target gene was normalization to the reference genes and represented as a fold change over differentiated cells without butein. (C) Upregulated osteoblast-related genes by butein in mBMSCs as measured by qPCR-based osteogenic gene array analysis. Upregulated genes by butein were categorized according to their osteogenic functions. (D) Treatment of mBMSCs with butein at different stages during osteoblast differentiation. Cells were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and then treated with DMSO (I + DMSO) or butein (30 µM) at day1, day3 and day6 of osteogenesis. ALP activity staining was performed after 9 days for all treatments. Values are mean ± SD of three independent experiments, (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.005 compared to differentiated cells without butein).