Table 1.

Different types of nanoparticles and basefluids used in fabricating nanofluids.

Origin	Nanoparticles	Basefluids	Source
Metals	Cu *	Water, EG, oil, acetone, and water & EG mixture.	[68,74,75,76,77,78,79]
	Ag *	Water, and toluene.	[80,81]
	Au *	Water, and toluene.	[81,82,83]
	Al *	Water, oil, EG, kerosene.	[15,84,85,86,87]
Oxides	Al2O3 *	Water, EG, oil, and water & glycerine mixture.	[82,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96]
	CuO *	Water, oil, and R-134a *.	[92,93,97,98,99,100,101]
	ZnO *	Water, EG, and oil.	[102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109]
	TiO2 *	Water, EG, oil, water & EG mixture, and bioglycol & water mixture.	[110,111,112,113,114,115,116]
	SiO2 *	Water, EG, glycerol, oil, and glycerol & EG mixture.	[80,117,118,119,120,121]
Carbon-based	MWCNTs *	Water, EG, water & EG mixture, and fullerenes oil.	[88,122,123,124,125,126,127,128]
	DWCNTs *	Water, and EG.	[129,130]
	SWCNTs *	Water, water & EG mixture.	[131,132]
	Nanodiamond	Water, EG, propylene glycol, midel oil, silicone oil, mineral oil, transformer oil, and engine oil.	[133]
	Graphene	Water, water & EG mixture.	[134,135,136]
	Graphite	Water, texatherm oil.	[137,138,139]

(*) Note: Cu, Ag, Au, Al, Al₂O₃, CuO, ZnO, TiO₂, SiO₂, MWCNTs, DWCNTs, SWCNTs, and R-134a are referred to copper, silver, gold, aluminium, aluminium oxide (also known as alumina), copper oxide (also known as cupric oxide), zinc oxide, titanium oxide, silicon dioxide (also known as silica), multi-walled CNTs, double-walled CNTs, single-walled CNTs, and 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, respectively.