Table 2.
Comparison of events emerging over the course of mechanical ventilation and outcomes
| 1998 (N = 5183) | 2004 (N = 4968) | 2010 (N = 8108) | 2016 (N = 7765) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eventsa | ||||
| Barotrauma, No. (%) | 154 (3) | 157 (3) | 140 (2) | 51 (1) |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome, No. (%) | 218 (4) | 279 (6) | 495 (6) | 508 (6.5) |
| Acquired ICU pneumonia, No. (%) | 438 (8) | 265 (5) | 359 (4) | 107 (1) |
| Sepsis, No. (%) | 457 (9) | 400 (8) | 1472 (18) | 1177 (15) |
| Cardiovascular failure, No. (%) | 1145 (22) | 1193 (24) | 3138 (39) | 3510 (45) |
| Acute renal failure, No. (%) | 971 (19) | 948 (19) | 1771 (22) | 1510 (19) |
| Hepatic failure, No. (%) | 326 (6) | 691 (14) | 554 (7) | 139 (2) |
| Hematological failure, No. (%) | 552 (11) | 795 (16) | 662 (8) | 419 (5) |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Duration of ventilatory support, median (interquartile range), days | 4 (2–8) | 6 (3–11) | 5 (3–10) | 5 (3–9) |
| Ventilator-free days, median (interquartile range) | 20 (0, 25) | 17 (0, 23) | 19 (0, 24) | 20 (0, 25) |
| Duration of ICU stay, median (interquartile range), days | 7 (4–14) | 8 (4–15) | 7 (4–14) | 8 (4–14) |
| ICU mortality, No. (%) | 1590 (31) | 1533 (31) | 2255 (28) | 2238 (29) |
| 28-day mortality, No. (%) | 1719 (33) | 1605 (32) | 2432 (30) | 2072 (27) |
| Hospital mortalityb, No. (%) | 1876 (40) | 1759 (37) | 2718 (35) | 2617 (36) |
aWith the exception of barotrauma, every event had to meet the relevant diagnostic criteria for at least two consecutive days
bPatients whose date of and status at discharge from hospital were unknown were not included in the calculation (465 patients in 1998, 211 patients in 2004, 377 patients in 2010, and 570 in 2016)