Table 1.
Hydroxytyrosol | Tyrosol | Vanillic Acid | p-Coumaric Acid | Ferulic Acid | Secoiridoid Derivatives | Pinoresinol | Acetoxy pinoresinol |
Luteolin | Apigenin | Total Polar Phenolics | α-Tocopherol | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average (mg kg−1) ± SD | ||||||||||||
ASC 2015 (n = 6) |
5.46 ab ± 2.14 | 6.00 ± 2.97 | 0.33 ± 0.16 | 0.10 ab ± 0.03 | 0.03 a ± 0.02 | 353.23 ± 108.89 | 12.49 a ± 5.55 | 5.98 a ± 7.54 | 2.30 ab ± 0.59 | 0.90 b ± 0.34 | 387.80 ab ± 182.13 | 270.91 adc ± 39.50 |
COR 2015 (n = 7) |
4.06 a ± 1.62 | 4.67 ± 1.39 | 0.32 ± 0.17 | 0.11 a ± 0.04 | 0.03 a ± 0.03 | 340.19 ± 109.02 | 4.72 b ± 1.56 | 8.86 a ± 8.34 | 3.24 b ± 1.16 | 1.25 b ± 0.31 | 367.45 ab ± 113.52 | # 229.92 bc ± 16.48 |
MIG 2015 (n = 7) |
8.75 b ± 5.16 | 9.24 ± 6.16 | 0.49 ± 0.23 | 0.09 ab ± 0.03 | 0.03 a ± 0.02 | 282.14 ± 113.72 | # 6.48 b ± 1.58 | 8.13 a ± 1.69 | 2.10 ab ± 0.47 | 0.49 a ± 0.15 | 317.94 ab ± 121.26 | # 295.94 a ± 25.69 |
MOG 2015 (n = 9) |
2.38 a ± 1.53 | 5.11 ± 1.22 | 0.46 ± 0.21 | 0.12 a ± 0.04 | 0.08 b ± 0.02 | 248.22 ± 112.33 | 7.63 ab ± 2.33 | 5.31 a ± 4.32 | 1.49 a ± 0.95 | 0.94 b ± 0.30 | 271.73 a ± 112.89 | 192.35 b ± 42.15 |
RAG 2015 (n = 7) |
# 6.79 ab ± 2.79 | 6.86 ± 2.59 | 0.34 ± 0.14 | # 0.05 b ± 0.02 | 0.05 ab ± 0.02 | 429.75 ± 172.33 | # 3.83 b ± 0.54 | 35.47 b ± 10.34 | 3.08 b ± 1.47 | 1.25 b ± 0.18 | 487.48 b ± 175.89 | 215.98 bc ± 47.51 |
ASC 2016 (n = 8) |
5.01 ± 2.86 | 6.24 ± 3.76 | 0.31 ± 0.19 | 0.12 ± 0.04 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 334.77 ± 104.17 | 18.45 a ± 14.09 | 8.94 a ± 9.22 | 3.04 ab ± 0.99 | 0.92 ab ± 0.24 | 377.90 ± 103.23 | 356.68 bc ± 81.67 |
COR 2016 (n = 7) |
5.32 ± 2.16 | 5.78 ± 2.78 | 0.35 ± 0.25 | 0.14 ± 0.06 | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 384.59 ± 127.68 | 6.27 b ± 1.25 | 5.52 a ± 4.65 | 3.61 ab ± 0.76 | 1.20 b ± 0.19 | 412.86 ± 133.15 | § 351.16 bc ± 50.76 |
MIG 2016 (n = 8) |
6.37 ± 1.98 | 5.53 ± 2.41 | 0.52 ± 0.47 | 0.09 ± 0.05 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 339.73 ± 105.57 | § 9.70 ab ± 1.74 | 10.30 a ± 5.03 | 2.51 ab ± 0.63 | 0.59 a ± 0.28 | 375.47 ± 105.31 | § 397.26 b ± 36.94 |
MOG 2016 (n = 8) |
4.94 ± 5.46 | 7.47 ± 6.65 | 0.35 ± 0.16 | 0.18 ± 0.12 | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 335.27 ± 112.60 | 10.29 ab ± 5.77 | 9.03 a ± 6.41 | 2.06 a ± 0.75 | 0.92 ab ± 0.29 | 370.68 ± 119.33 | 259.01 a ± 44.19 |
RAG 2016 (n = 12) |
§ 3.83 ± 2.08 | 6.20 ± 3.66 | 0.44 ± 0.26 | § 0.13 ± 0.09 | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 349.47 ± 131.68 | § 5.98 b ± 2.31 | 31.77 b ± 12.38 | 4.05 b ± 2.14 | 1.10 b ± 0.41 | 403.13 ± 132.91 | 286.66 ac ± 67.26 |
ASC 2015/2016 (n = 14) | 5.21 ab ± 2.50 | 5.40 ± 2.00 | 0.32 ± 0.17 | 0.11 ± 0.04 | 0.05 a ± 0.02 | 342.68 ± 102.44 | 15.90 a ± 11.32 | 7.67 a ± 8.36 | 2.72 ab ± 0.90 | 0.91 b ± 0.27 | 376.97 ± 103.64 | 322.37 bc ± 79.12 |
COR 2015/2016 (n = 14) | 4.69 ab ± 1.95 | 5.13 ± 1.98 | 0.34 ± 0.21 | 0.12 ± 0.05 | 0.04 a ± 0.03 | 362.39 ± 116.37 | 5.49 b ± 1.58 | 7.19 a ± 6.71 | 3.42 bc ± 0.96 | 1.23 c ± 0.25 | 390.16 ± 121.19 | 294.58 bc ± 72.97 |
MIG 2015/2016 (n = 15) | 7.48 a ± 3.86 | 6.53 ± 3.17 | 0.51 ± 0.36 | 0.09 ± 0.04 | 0.04 a ± 0.02 | 312.85 ± 109.54 | 8.20 b ± 2.31 | 9.29 a ± 3.89 | 2.32 ab ± 0.58 | 0.54 a ± 0.22 | 348.63 ± 112.83 | 349.98 b ± 60.85 |
MOG 2015/2016 (n = 17) | 3.58 b ± 3.99 | 6.13 ± 3.36 | 0.40 ± 0.19 | 0.15 ± 0.09 | 0.07 b ± 0.03 | 289.19 ± 117.74 | 8.88 b ± 4.37 | 7.06 a ± 5.57 | 1.76 a ± 0.88 | 0.93 b ± 0.29 | 318.30 ± 123.26 | 219.01 a ± 53.43 |
RAG 2015/2016 (n = 19) | 4.92 ab ± 2.72 | 8.29 ± 6.26 | 0.40 ± 0.22 | 0.10 ± 0.08 | 0.06 ab ± 0.03 | 379.05 ± 148.59 | 5.19 b ± 2.12 | 33.14 b ± 11.52 | 3.70 c ± 1.94 | 1.16 bc ± 0.34 | 434.21 ± 151.18 | 260.62 ac ± 68.88 |
Statistical analysis compares the five different cultivars in the same year (2015 and 2016) and in the two years 2015/2016 (significant differences at p < 0.05 are highlighted by different letters). The same cultivar is also compared in the two different years and significant differences at p < 0.05 are highlighted by different symbols.