Table 2.
Changes in electrolytes and osmolality of urine after exhaustive endurance exercise.
| Parameters | Pre-U | Post-U |
|---|---|---|
| Na+ (mmol/L) | ||
| LCS | 41.71 ± 14.95 (35.84%) | 62.00 ± 47.22 (76.17%) |
| Placebo | 56.86 ± 24.35 (42.83%) | 60.29 ± 43.64 (72.39%) |
| Cl− (mmol/L) | ||
| LCS | 43.00 ± 12.94 (30.08%) | 63.43 ± 46.60 (73.46%) |
| Placebo | 61.43 ± 30.03 (48.89%) | 59.14 ± 37.03 (62.61%) |
| K− (mmol/L) | ||
| LCS | 10.54 ± 6.31 (59.83%) | 33.33 ± 13.96 * (41.87%) |
| Placebo | 15.60 ± 7.12 (45.63%) | 28.79 ± 16.01 (55.61%) |
| O (mOsm/L) | ||
| LCS | 294.43 ± 141.49 # (48.06%) | 350.10 ± 212.31 (60.64%) |
| Placebo | 349.43 ± 127.07 (36.36%) | 361.00 ± 230.49 (63.85) |
The data are presented mean ± standard deviation (coefficient of variation) (n = 7). Pre-U and Post-U represent the urine collection period during LCS and placebo ingestion before and after exhaustive endurance exercise. * Significant (p < 0.05) difference from Pre-U. # Significant (p < 0.05) difference between conditions. LCS, low-osmolality carbohydrate–electrolyte solution; Na+, sodium; Cl−, chlorine; K+, potassium; O, osmolality; Pre-U, pre-exercise urine measurement; Post-U, post-exercise urine measurement.