Table 2.
Comparison of characteristics of those with and without intrapartum transfer (percentages relate to known cases unless stated otherwise)
| Not Intrapartum transfer | Intrapartum Transfer | Multivariable OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 1465 | N = 465 | ||
| Mean (SD) Mother’s age in years | 27.8 (6.2) | 25.9 (6.7) | a |
| Country | |||
| Tanzania | 855 (89%) | 104 (11%) | 1 |
| Zambia | 610 (63%) | 361 (37%) | 6.70 (4.61–9.73) |
| Married | |||
| No | 142 (68%) | 68 (32%) | 1 |
| Yes | 1315 (77%) | 396 (23%) | 0.74 (0.50–1.08) |
| Unknown | 8 | 1 | |
| Level of education | |||
| None or primary only | 611 (74%) | 213 (26%) | 1 |
| Secondary | 493 (82%) | 110 (18%) | 0.91 (0.68–1.21) |
| Higher or vocational | 169 (85%) | 30 (15%) | 1.52 (0.79–2.91) |
| Unknown | 192 | 112 | |
| Formal Employment | |||
| No | 1301 (75%) | 433 (25%) | 1 |
| Yes | 152 (86%) | 25 (14%) | 0.57 (0.29–1.23) |
| Unknown | 12 | 7 | |
| Religion | |||
| Christian | 1266 (74%) | 434 (26%) | 1 |
| Muslim or otherb | 193 (89%) | 25 (11%) | 1.05 (0.64–1.73) |
| Unknown | 6 | 6 | |
| Any previous stillbirth | |||
| No | 1407 (76%) | 433 (24%) | 1 |
| Yes | 52 (62%) | 32 (38%) | 1.12 (0.65–1.93) |
| Unknown | 6 | ||
| HIV status | |||
| Negative | 1337 (77%) | 410 (23%) | 1 |
| Positive | 104 (69%) | 46 (31%) | 1.64 (1.07–2.51) |
| Unknown | 24 | 9 | |
| Care available at nearest health facility | |||
| Basic EmOC | 1203 (74%) | 424 (26%) | 1 |
| First Aid | 52 (80%) | 13 (20%) | 0.60 (0.27–1.34) |
| Comprehensive EmOC | 185 (89%) | 23 (11%) | 0.65 (0.38–1.11) |
| Unknown | 25 | 5 | |
| Number of ANC visits | |||
| ≤ 4 visits | 284 (70%) | 119 (30%) | 1 |
| > 4 visits | 917 (82%) | 195 (18%) | 0.48 (0.36–0.64) |
| Unknown | 264 | 151 | |
| Distance to nearest health facility | |||
| < 30 min | 1338 (78%) | 369 (22%) | 1 |
| 30–60 min | 74 (52%) | 69 (48%) | 1.38 (0.87–2.17) |
| 61–120 min | 9 (39%) | 14 (61%) | 1.02 (0.37–2.80) |
| > 120 min | 3 (30%) | 7 (70%) | 1.65 (0.28–9.54) |
| Unknown | 41 | 6 | |
| Distance to referral hospital | |||
| < 30 min | 704 (80%) | 176 (20%) | 1 |
| 30–60 min | 645 (84%) | 125 (16%) | 2.30 (1.59–3.33) |
| 61–120 min | 55 (32%) | 116 (68%) | 9.80 (6.38–15.07) |
| > 120 min | 53 (54%) | 46 (46%) | 5.32 (3.05–9.27) |
| Unknown | 8 | 2 | |
| Time of admission at referral hospital | |||
| Day | 832 (75%) | 274 (25%) | 1 |
| Night | 633 (77%) | 191 (23%) | 0.88 (0.68–1.12) |
| Day of admission to referral hospital | |||
| Weekday | 1056 (76%) | 332 (24%) | 1 |
| Saturday or Sunday | 408 (75%) | 133 (25%) | 0.94 (0.71–1.23) |
| Unknown | 1 | 0 | |
Note: For categorical variables, the multivariable OR is the odds of intrapartum transfer for the given category, relative to the first category, adjusted for the effects of the other listed variables. Three singleton pregnancies were not included for missing intrapartum transfer status
a A quadratic function was fitted for maternal age, providing linear and quadratic regression coefficients; this means that a single odds ratio for maternal age does not exist
bOnly 4 of 193 ‘Muslim or other’ were not Muslim