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. 2020 May 13;13:23. doi: 10.1186/s13047-020-00390-3

Table 5.

Secondary outcome measures

Outcome Study Condition Group Baseline Mean (SD ±/-) Finala Mean (SD +/-)
Functional Stability Therapeutic Footwear
 Pain whilst using device Bakker et al. (1997) [38] DMD FSTF N/A 1.42 (0.53)
  1=no pain Own footwear N/A 1.02(0.51)
KAFO N/A 3.0 (1.87)
  5=great deal of pain SF N/A 2.33 (1.03)
AFO N/A 2.20 (1.39)
 Reluctance to use device FSTF N/A 2.28 (1.25)
  1=not reluctant Own footwear N/A 1.29 (1.35)
KAFO N/A 3.0 (1.58)
  5=great deal of reluctance SF N/A 3.66 (1.21)
AFO N/A 2.85 (1.53)

AFO Ankle Foot Orthosis, DMD Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, FSTF Functional Stability Therapeutic Footwear, KAFO Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis, N/A Not Applicable, SF Standing Frame, aNo statistical test for significance performed