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. 2020 May 13;18:71. doi: 10.1186/s12951-020-00626-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Cytotoxicity effect and specific tau targeting capability of biomimetic formulations. a The suitable concentration of OA for the model of AD after exposure to different concentration for 12 h, then the toxicity of different NPs on HT22 cells treated with or without 40 nM OA at a higher concentration. Error bars represent standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA test, with *** indicating p < 0.001, ** indicating p < 0.01, and * indicating p < 0.05 (n = 6 per group). b The internalization of COU-tagged biomimetic NPs in HT22 cells (scale bar = 20 μm). c Confocal fluorescence images of different NPs in OA-treated HT22 cells after 4 h incubation. Cells stained with hoechst33258 are shown in blue fluorescence. The immunofluorescence staining of OA-treated HT22 cells with phosphor-tau AT8 (ser202, Thr205) antibody are shown in red fluorescence. COU-labeled PCNP, RPCNP and T807/RPCNP are shown in green fluorescence (scale bar = 50 μm)