Table 3.
Observed essential newborn care practices adjusted for health facility
| Pre-Intervention | Post-Intervention | Difference | Adjusted Odds Ratio (GEE) | p-value (GEE) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/N | % (95% CI) | n/N | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | ||
| Early initiation of breastfeeding | 74/246 | 30.1(8.8, 61.4) | 221/264 | 83.7(59.4, 98.6) | 53.6(46.4, 60.9) | 10.6 (1.6, 69.8) | 0.014 |
| Thermal carea | 21/246 | 8.5 (0.0, 21.3) | 190/264 | 72.0 (59.4, 86.1) | 63.4 (57.0, 69.9) | 28.4 (8.0, 100.9) | < 0.001 |
| Clean childbirth practices b | 6/246 | 2.4 (0.0, 21.3) | 70/264 | 26.5 (7.9, 46.9) | 24.1 (18.4, 29.7) | 11.1 (2.6, 46.6) | 0.001 |
| Newborns received at least two ENC practices c | 49/246 | 19.9 (4.9, 39.7) | 250/264 | 94.7 (87.7, 100) | 74.8 (69.1, 80.5) | 64.5 (15.8, 262.6) | < 0.001 |
| Newborns received three ENC practices d | 2/246 | 0.8 (0.0, 1.7) | 162/264 | 61.4 (37.8, 77.0) | 60.6 (54.6, 66.5) | 220.0 (33.7, 1443.0) | < 0.001 |
| Newborn that needed resuscitation | 34/246 | 13.8 (8.3, 22.0) | 16/264 | 6.1 (4.4, 8.3) | −7.8(−13.3, −2.3) | 0.4 (0.2, 1.0) | 0.057 |
| Newborns who started breathing after stimulation | 23/23 | 100% | 0 | 0 | – | – | |
| Newborns who started breathing after bag & mask resuscitation | 11/11 | 100% | 16/16 | 100% | – | – | |
a Newborn received all three thermal care practices: immediate drying, skin-to-skin contact, delayed bathing while in the facility
b Hygienic childbirth practices all five adhered: visibly clean delivery bed, handwashing of attendant, gloves wore by attendant, use of sterile delivery kit, and dry cord care
c Newborn received two out of these three practices: skin-to-skin contact, early initiation of breastfeeding, dry cord care
d Newborn received all three practices: skin-to-skin contact, early initiation of breastfeeding, dry cord care