Table 5.

Comparison of indirect and direct methods by laterality of AVVR

	Mitral regurgitation			Tricuspid regurgitation
	Spearman	WSRT	Median Difference (IQR)	Spearman	WSRT	Median Difference (IQR)
VOL vs. AIMstat	ρ = 0.79	p = 0.231	3.1% (− 2.0–6.0)	ρ = 0.58	p = 0.078	8.1% (−2.7–19.0)
VOL vs. AIMtrack	ρ = 0.76	p = 0.078	5.5% (− 0.6–10.6)	ρ = 0.61	p = 0.036*	11.1% (− 0.7–20.0)
VOL vs. JET	ρ = 0.66	p = 0.349	−7.0% (− 10.1–7.3)	ρ = 0.66	p = 0.869	−0.4% (− 7.1–8.2)
AIMstat vs. AIMtrack	ρ = 0.98	p = 0.001*	2.4% (1.1–4.8)	ρ = 0.98	p = 0.004*	1.6% (−0.3–3.8)
AIMstat vs. JET	ρ = 0.66	p = 0.157	−1.3% (− 14.5–4.2)	ρ = 0.85	p = 0.014*	−4.5% (− 11.5–1.4)
AIMtrack vs. JET	ρ = 0.69	p = 0.018*	−4.3% (− 15.0–1.1)	ρ = 0.85	p = 0.001*	−6.4% (− 13.8 – − 1.2)
	ICC	Paired T-Test	Mean Difference (± SD)	ICC	Paired T-Test	Mean Difference (± SD)
Intra-observer reliability
VOL	0.996	p = 0.844	−0.12% ± 1.64	0.962	p = 0.995	0.01% ± 7.01
AIMstat	0.918	p = 0.397	1.71% ± 5.37	0.989	p = 0.472	−0.89% ± 4.23
AIMtrack	0.931	p = 0.652	0.96% ± 5.76	0.990	p = 0.467	−0.93% ± 4.27
JET	0.935	p = 0.591	1.42% ± 7.18	0.995	p = 0.074	−1.10% ± 1.92
Inter-observer reliability
VOL	0.909	p = 0.133	−3.60% ± 5.98	0.981	p = 0.232	−1.62% ± 4.42
AIMstat	0.902	p = 0.751	0.76% ± 6.51	0.959	p = 0.269	2.64% ± 7.85
AIMtrack	0.973	p = 0.586	−0.70% ± 3.45	0.957	p = 0.353	2.44% ± 8.70
JET	0.928	p = 0.644	1.25% ± 7.35	0.954	p = 0.238	2.36% ± 6.54

An asterisk (*) denotes statistical significance defined as p < 0.05. VOL Volumetry method, AIM_stat Annular inflow method by static plane, AIM_track Annular inflow method by valve-tracking plane, JET Direct measurement of the atrioventricular regurgitant jet, ICC Intra-class correlation, SD Standard deviation, IQR Interquartile range, WSRT Wilcoxon signed rank test