Table 6.
Studies reporting males with significantly higher in all cause re-admissions, death and/or hospital readmission ratios. Heart failure readmission, cardiovascular readmission and mortality/even free survival hazard ratios are also reported. Studies reported by primary author and year of publication and sorted alphabetically
| Primary Author (year) | Sample Size n (%) | Mean Age (years) | Type of Reporting by Sex1 | Time to Event (months) | Heart Failure Readmission Hazard Ratio | Death and/or Hospital Readmission Ratio | Other | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alla (2007) [49] |
F:1517 LVD, 407 PEF M: 5273 LVD, 581 PEF |
F: 65 ± 12LVD, 69 ± 11PEF; M: 63 ± 11 LVD, 66 ± 9.7 | a,b,c | 35 | Adjusted men vs. women 1.17 (1.06–1.29) | Mortality: Adjusted men vs. women 1.47 (1.33–1.63) All-Cause: Adjusted men vs. women 1.18 (1.11–1.27); Cardiovascular Readmission: Adjusted men vs. women 1.12 (1.04–1.21); When ejection fraction was reduced, 1.19 HR (1.07–1.33) but not preserved HR 0.90: 0.67–1.22 | Males, All Cause and lower survival | |
| Blackledge (2003) [31] | F:2913 (50); M:2876 (50) | 41–107 | b, c | n.r | 0.92 (0.85–0.98) | Mortality: 0.88 (0.82–0.96) | Males, Death and/or Hospital readmission and lower survival | |
| Goncalves (2008) [39] | F(54.3); preserved LVSF F(72.9),M(26 (27.1); depressed LVSF F (45), M (113, 54.3) | 72.7 (1.6); preserved LVSF 73.3 ± 11.2 vs. depressed LVSF 70.7 ± 12.7, p = 0.13 | b, c | 6 |
M preserved LVSF 2.04 (1.08–3.84); M Depressed LVSF 0.64 (0.42–0.96) |
Males with preserved and depressed LVSF, Death and/or hospital readmission | ||
| Howlett (2009) [28] | F:364(37), M:620 (63) | 68 ± 13 | b,c | 12 | 1.21 (1.06–1.37) | Males, death and/or hospital readmission | ||
| Islam (2013) [58] | F:313 (49.7), M:317 (50.3) |
65–74:22.4 75–84:47.6 85+:30.0 |
b, c | n.r. | All Cause Readmission: 1.22 (1.03–1.46) | Males, All Cause | ||
| Ieva (2015) [50] | F:8114 (53.04), M:7184 (46.96) | F:79.6(11.4), M:71.5 (12.88) | a, b | n.r. | n.r. | Males | ||
| Madigan (2012) [29] | F:45429 (61) | c | 1 | All Cause Readmission: 1.079 (1.047, 1.112) | Males, All Cause | |||
| Nieminen (2008) [53] | 3580, F: 1384 (29); M:2916(61) | F: 73.1 ± 12.0, p < 0.001; M: 67.8 ± 12.4 | a,b,c | 3,12 | Mortality: 1.04 (0.79–1.37); All-Cause Readmission: Age-adjusted, 0.84 (0.74–0.96); Event-free survival: Death, myocardial infarction or stroke, 10.1: 9.7; 0.95 (0.76–1.20) | Males, All Cause | ||
| Ogah (2014) [40] | F: 124(47), M 138 (53); rehospitalized m 21 (65.6); not hospitalized m 117 (50.9) | Readmitted 61.7 ± 14.0 vs non readmitted 56.1 ± 15.4, p = 0.026 | b, c | 1, 6 | All-Cause Readmission: F: 11(8.9%); M: 21(15.2%); OR 0.54 (0.25–1.18); Adjusted for women 0.33(0.14–0.79) | Males, All Cause | ||
| Omersa (2016) [27] | F: 21711 (59); M: 15113(41) | F: 65–74:19%, 75–84:48%, 85+:33%; M:65–74:36,75–84:48%;85+:16% | c | n.r. |
Mortality: 65–74: 0.808 (0.745–0.875) 75–84: 0.848 (0.807–0.891) 85+: 0.840 (0.785–0.898); All Cause Readmission: 65–74:0.872 (0.814–0.934) 75–84:0.869 (0.825–0.915) 85+:0.855 (0.784–0.931) |
Males, and lower survival | ||
| Robertson (2012) [30] | F:14557 (50); M: 14604 (50) | b,c | n.r. | All-Cause Readmission: 0.93 (0.89–0.96) | Males, All Cause | |||
| Sato (2015) [43] | F: 122; M: 476 (79.6) | b,c | 26 | Cardiovascular Readmission: Multivariable male 1.851 HR (1.237–2.771) | Males, Cardiovascular |
F Female, M Male; Male to Female ratio assumed unless specified. 1 a- Time to event curves; b - Baseline and Procedural characteristics; c - All relevant outcomes (crude numbers, events, patients, hazard ratios with 95% CI); LVD Left Ventricular Dysfunction, PEF Preserved Ejection Fraction, LVSF Left Ventricular Systolic Function, n.r. Not reported