Table 2.
WIC-participating study subjects and children under the age of 5 living in census tracts with different combinations of healthy and unhealthy food outlet densities in Los Angeles County, California a
| Food outlet density per sq. mile | Included Census Tracts N = 2080 |
Included WIC participants N = 148,634 |
Children living in Los Angeles County b N = 609,835 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy c | Unhealthy d | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) |
| 0.0 to < 1.5 | 0.0 to < 6.0 | 254 (12.21) | 10,209 (6.87) | 73,781 (12.10) |
| 1.5 to < 2.5 | 0.0 to < 6.0 | 104 (5.00) | 6603 (4.44) | 29,600 (4.85) |
| 2.5 to < 4.0 | 0.0 to < 6.0 | 58 (2.79) | 5194 (3.49) | 17,866 (2.93) |
| 4.0 to 21.1 | 0.0 to < 6.0 | 23 (1.11) | 2586 (1.74) | 7574 (1.24) |
| 0.0 to < 1.5 | 6.0 to < 8.5 | 122 (5.87) | 5047 (3.40) | 33,623 (5.51) |
| 1.5 to <2.5 | 6.0 to < 8.5 | 209 (10.05) | 12,599 (8.48) | 61,180 (10.03) |
| 2.5 to < 4.0 | 6.0 to < 8.5 | 136 (6.54) | 12,692 (8.54) | 44,403 (7.28) |
| 4.0 to 21.1 | 6.0 to < 8.5 | 78 (3.75) | 10,177 (6.85) | 27,786 (4.56) |
| 0.0 to < 1.5 | 8.5 to < 12.0 | 45 (2.16) | 1941 (1.31) | 12,373 (2.03) |
| 1.5 to <2.5 | 8.5 to < 12.0 | 157 (7.55) | 7922 (5.33) | 44,435 (7.29) |
| 2.5 to < 4.0 | 8.5 to < 12.0 | 210 (10.10) | 17,692 (11.90) | 67,161 (11.01) |
| 4.0 to 21.1 | 8.5 to < 12.0 | 142 (6.83) | 19,051 (12.82) | 51,991 (8.53) |
| 0.0 to < 1.5 | 12.0 to 63.3 | 9 (0.43) | 45 (0.03) | 1677 (0.27) |
| 1.5 to <2.5 | 12.0 to 63.3 | 56 (2.69) | 1872 (1.26) | 13,356 (2.19) |
| 2.5 to < 4.0 | 12.0 to 63.3 | 145 (6.97) | 6920 (4.66) | 37,303 (6.12) |
| 4.0 to 21.1 | 12.0 to 63.3 | 332 (15.96) | 28,040 (18.87) | 85,726 (14.06) |
SQ square, WIC Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children
aCategories of healthy and unhealthy food outlet density were determined by quartiles of the distribution for each variable
bChildren under the age of 5 from the 2010 Census
cHealthy outlets included supermarkets, chain and independent grocery stores and fruit/vegetable vendors
dUnhealthy outlets included fast food, liquor stores and chain and independent convenience stores