Table 2.
The biochemical values in patients with severe covid-19 with or without diabetes on admission to hospital
| Normal range | Diabetes (n=48) | Non-diabetes (n=145) | P value* | |
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | |||
| Random blood glucose, mmol/L | 11.31 (7.96 to 16.79) | 6.56 (5.59 to 8.08) | <0.001 | |
| Glycated hemoglobin, % | 4.0–6.0 | 7.2 (6.7 to 8.3) | 5.8 (5.5 to 6.1) | <0.001 |
| Leukocyte count, ×109/L | 3.50–9.50 | 7.99 (5.90 to 13.04) | 5.55 (4.20 to 8.43) | 0.001 |
| Neutrophil count, ×109/L | 1.80–6.30 | 7.25 (4.33 to 11.81) | 3.94 (2.54 to 7.71) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte count, ×109/L | 1.10–3.20 | 0.54 (0.42 to 0.93) | 0.81 (0.56 to 1.24) | 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 115.0–150.0 | 128.5 (115.0 to 140.0) | 130.0 (118.0 to 142.0) | 0.775 |
| Platelet count, ×109/L | 125.0–350.0 | 161.0 (126.5 to 232.5) | 173.0 (130.0 to 230.0) | 0.503 |
| Prothrombin time, s | 11.5–14.5 | 14.4 (13.6 to 17.0) | 14.3 (13.2 to 15.5) | 0.094 |
| Thrombin time, s | 14.0–19.0 | 17.1 (15.8 to 19.8) | 16.4 (15.6 to 17.7) | 0.014 |
| APTT, s | 29.0–42.0 | 38.4 (35.7 to 45.5) | 40.2 (36.8 to 44.1) | 0.483 |
| Fibrinogen, g/L | 2.00–4.00 | 4.85 (3.32 to 6.70) | 4.31 (3.34 to 5.35) | 0.085 |
| D-dimer, µg/mL FEU | <0.5 | 2.6 (1.0 to 21.0) | 1.2 (0.4 to 10.7) | 0.012 |
| Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | ≤33.0 | 22.5 (16.3 to 40.0) | 22.0 (15.0 to 38.3) | 0.454 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L | ≤32.0 | 34.0 (21.3 to 58.3) | 31.0 (22.0 to 47.0) | 0.472 |
| Albumin, mean±SD, g/L | 35.0–52.0 | 32.2±5.2 | 34.9±6.4 | 0.009 |
| Total bilirubin, µmol/L | ≤21.0 | 11.3 (7.5 to 20.6) | 8.7 (6.5 to 13.4) | 0.008 |
| Creatine kinase, U/L | ≤170.0 | 132.0 (70.0 to 290.0) | 106.5 (63.8 to 233.3) | 0.329 |
| Lactic dehydrogenase, U/L | 135–214 | 465 (306 to 645) | 330 (231 to 535) | 0.011 |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L | <5.18 | 3.41 (2.96 to 4.26) | 3.45 (2.98 to 4.06) | 0.701 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | <1.70 | 1.79 (1.24 to 2.36) | 1.34 (0.89 to 1.79) | 0.003 |
| Urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 3.1–8.8 | 8.0 (5.1 to 11.0) | 5.3 (3.6 to 9.0) | 0.003 |
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 45.0–84.0 | 83.5 (65.8 to 102.3) | 78.0 (58.0 to 100.0) | 0.264 |
| Uric acid, µmol/L | 202.3–416.5 | 273.2 (183.3 to 356.8) | 276.0 (205.0 to 352.9) | 0.927 |
| hsCRP, mg/L | <1.0 | 75.5 (49.9 to 150.5) | 43.3 (11.0 to 116.5) | 0.004 |
| ESR, mm/H | 0.0–20.0 | 38.0 (15.0 to 65.8) | 27.0 (14.5 to 43.5) | 0.140 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 0.02–0.05 | 0.16 (0.09 to 0.78) | 0.09 (0.04 to 0.20) | 0.001 |
| Ferritin, µg/L | 15.0–150.0 | 1373.0 (738.2 to 2457.0) | 630.5 (266.1 to 1659.0) | 0.001 |
| IL-2 receptor, U/mL | 223–710 | 1098 (626 to 1538) | 649 (407 to 1193) | 0.002 |
| IL-6, pg/mL | <7.00 | 47.08 (19.04 to 126.80) | 21.31 (7.67 to 64.06) | 0.006 |
| IL-8, pg/mL | <62.0 | 26.0 (14.9 to 54.4) | 16.4 (9.9 to 41.0) | 0.032 |
| IL-10, pg/mL | <9.10 | 10.20 (5.85 to 17.43) | 9.00 (5.00 to 13.65) | 0.128 |
| TNFα, pg/mL | <8.1 | 11.3 (7.4 to 18.3) | 8.3 (6.9 to 12.1) | 0.023 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL | <285 | 665 (170 to 2053) | 259 (46 to 901) | 0.007 |
| Cardiac troponin I, pg/mL | ≤15.60 | 23.05 (8.70 to 208.60) | 10.20 (3.60 to 38.40) | 0.059 |
*P values indicate differences between diabetes and non-diabetes. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FEU, fibrinogen equivalent units; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reaction protein; IL, interleukin; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α.