Table 3.
Mean Difference in Preoperative to Postoperative Scores and P Value.
| Paired-Samples Test | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paired Differences | t | df | Significance (2-tailed) | ||||||
| Mean | SD | SEM | 95% CI of the Difference | ||||||
| Lower | Upper | ||||||||
| Pair 1 | VAS leg (preop) − VAS leg (postop) | 5.258 | .924 | .098 | 5.064 | 5.453 | 53.715 | 89 | .000 |
| Pair 2 | ODI (preop) − ODI (postop) | 41.820 | 10.098 | 1.070 | 39.693 | 43.947 | 39.071 | 89 | .000 |
| Pair 3 | VAS back (preop) − VAS back (postop) | 1.371 | 1.004 | .106 | 1.159 | 1.582 | 12.876 | 89 | .000 |
Abbreviations: VAS, visual analogue score; ODI, Oswestry disability index; preop, preoperative; postop, postoperative; SD, standard deviation; SEM, standard error of the mean; CI, confidence interval.