Table 1.
Characteristics of the GWASs used in this study
| Phenotype | Consortium | N | Ethnicity | Genotype data | PMID |
| Exposure (insulin resistance phenotypes)* | |||||
| Fasting insulin adjusted for BMI | MAGIC | Up to 108 557 individuals | European | GWAS array and metabochip array | 22885924 to 22581228 |
| HDL-C and triglycerides | GLGC | Up to 188 577 individuals | European | GWAS array and metabochip array | 24097068 29046328 |
| Insulin sensitivity for gold standard measures | GENESIS | 2764 individuals | European | GWAS array | 25798622 |
| Outcomes | |||||
| Coronary artery disease | CARDIoGRAMplusC4D | Up to 184 305 individuals (60 801 cases and 123 504 controls) |
European | GWAS array | 26343387 |
| Myocardial infarction | CARDIoGRAMplusC4D | Up to 171 876 individuals (43 677 cases and 128 199 controls) |
European | GWAS array | 26343387 |
| Ischemic stroke | MEGASTROKE | Up to 446 696 individuals (40 585 cases and 406 111 controls) |
European | GWAS array | 29531354 |
| Large-artery atherosclerosis | MEGASTROKE | Up to 440 328 individuals (34 217 cases and 406 111 controls) |
European | GWAS array | 29531354 |
| Small-artery occlusion | MEGASTROKE | Up to 411 497 individuals (5386 cases and 406 111 controls) |
European | GWAS array | 29531354 |
| Cardioembolism | MEGASTROKE | Up to 413 304 individuals (7193 cases and 406 111 controls) |
European | GWAS array | 29531354 |
*Lotta et al2 identified 53 genetic variants for insulin resistance phenotypes by combining published GWAS results for fasting insulin adjusted for BMI, HDL-C and triglycerides, and Wang et al3 generated a composite genetic instrument for insulin resistance phenotypes by meta-analysis of these genetic variants.
BMI, body mass index; CARDIoGRAMplusC4D, Coronary ARtery DIsease Genome-wide Replication And Meta-Analysis Plus Coronary Artery Disease Genetics; GENESIS, GENEticS of Insulin Sensitivity; GLGC, Global Lipids Genetics Consortium; GWAS, genome-wide association study; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MAGIC, Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium; MEGASTROKE, Multiancestry Genome-wide Association Study of Stroke; PMID, PubMed unique identifier.