Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of neonates with RDS
| Variables | RDS group (n = 40) |
|---|---|
| Gestational age (weeks), mean ± SD | 30.9 ± 1.9 |
| Males, n (%) | 25 (62.5) |
| Birth weight (kg), mean ± SD | 1.58 ± 0.43 |
| Apgar score, median (IQR) | |
| 1 min | 6 (5–7) |
| 5 min | 7 (7–8) |
| Age of start of mechanical ventilation (h), median (IQR) | 6 (3–8) |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation (days), median (IQR) | 7 (5–10) |
| Type of respiratory support, n (%) | |
| Non-invasive mechanical ventilation | |
| NCPAP | 9 (22.5) |
| NIPPV | 5 (12.5) |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | |
| CMV | 18 (45) |
| HFV | 8 (20) |
| Maximum PIP (CmHO2), mean ± SD | 16.4 ± 1.01 |
| Maximum PEEP (CmHO2), mean ± SD | 4.4 ± 0.5 |
| Oxygenation index, mean ± SD | |
| Before surfactant treatment | 30.1 ± 6.3 |
| After surfactant treatmenta | 12.8 ± 3.7 |
| RDS radiological grade, n (%) | |
| I | 0 (0) |
| II | 12 (30) |
| III | 12 (30) |
| IV | 16 (40) |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, n (%) | 1 (2.5) |
| Retinopathy of prematurity, n (%) | 1 (2.5) |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis, n (%) | 0 (0) |
| Pulmonary hypertension, n (%) | 0 (0) |
| Pneumothorax, n (%) | 0 (0) |
| Pulmonary hemorrhage, n (%) | 0 (0) |
| Duration of hospitalization (days), median (IQR) | 13.5 (5.5–18.5) |
RDS respiratory distress syndrome, IQR interquartile range, NCPAP nasal continuous positive airway pressure, NIPPV nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation, CMV conventional mechanical ventilation, HFV high-frequency ventilation, PIP positive inspiratory pressure, PEEP positive end expiratory pressure
aOxygenation index was assessed in 16 patients treated by surfactant