Table 3.

Worldwide detection of AiV in wastewater.

Countrya	Positive Samples	Sample type	Genotype	Copies/L	References
South Africa	10/12	Raw sewage	NS	NSb	Onosi et al. (2019)
Tunisia	10/125	Raw sewage	A	NS	Sdiri-Loulizi et al. (2010)
	4/125	Treated sewage	A	NS
	51/102	Raw sewage	B	NS	Ibrahim et al. (2017)
US	24/24	Raw sewage	A,B	1.2 × 104–4.0 × 106	Kitajima et al. (2014, 2018)
	24/24	Treated sewage	A,B	2.0 × 103–4.0 × 105
	1/1	Raw sewage	NS	NS	Cantalupo et al. (2011)
Iran	7/10	Raw sewage	NS	2.1 × 104–1.9 × 106	Azhdar et al. (2019)
	7/12	Treated sewage	NS	4.2 × 103–6.7 × 105
Japan	137/207	Raw sewage	A	NS	Yamashita et al. (2014)
	12/12	Raw sewage	A,B	NS	Kitajima et al. (2011)
	11/12	Treated sewage	A	NS
	12/12	Raw sewage	A	1.4 × 105–2.2 × 107	Kitajima et al. (2013)
	11/12	Treated sewage	A	Up to 1.8 × 104
	11/12	Raw sewage	NS	NS	Thongprachum et al. (2018)
Nepal	1/1	Raw sewage	NS	NS	Ng et al. (2012)
	1/1	Raw sewage	B	NS	Haramoto and Kitajima (2017)
Thailand	1/1	Raw sewage	NS	NS	Ng et al. (2012)
France	61/100	Treated sewage	NS	Up to 103	Prevost et al. (2015)
Italy	6/48	Raw sewage	B	NS	Di Martino et al. (2013)
Netherlands	16/16	Raw sewage	A,B	NS	Lodder et al. (2013)
Spain	1/1	Raw sewage	NS	NS	Cantalupo et al. (2011)

^aCountries were ordered by continent and alphabetically within each continent.

^bNS, not specified.