Table 5.
Clinical outcomes of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and receiving Placebo or glucose–insulin potassium infusion
| Outcome | Placebo | GIK | RR | (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 46) | (N = 54) | ||||
| Mortality | 5 (10.9) | 1 (1.9) | 0.17 | (0.02; 1.41) | 0.092* |
| Cardiovascular complicationsc | 25 (54.4) | 25 (46.3) | 0.85 | (0.58; 1.23) | 0.422 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 18 (39.1) | 17 (31.5) | 0.80 | (0.47; 1.37) | 0.424 |
| New/worsening heart failure | 9 (19.6) | 4 (7.4) | 0.38 | (0.12; 1.15) | 0.083* |
| Myocardial infarct | 8 (17.4) | 8 (14.8) | 0.85 | (0.35; 2.10) | 0.726 |
| Stroke | 5 (10.9) | 1 (1.9) | 0.17 | (0.02; 1.41) | 0.092* |
| Pulmonary complicationsd | 33 (71.7) | 24 (44.4) | 0.62 | (0.44; 0.88) | 0.006 |
| Atelectasis | 20 (43.5) | 10 (18.5) | 0.43 | (0.22; 0.82) | 0.007 |
| Pneumonia | 5 (9.3) | 5 (10.9) | 0.85 | (0.26; 2.76) | 0.789 |
| Ventilation > 24 h | 30 (65.2) | 17 (31.5) | 0.48 | (0.31; 0.75) | 0.001 |
| Renal dysfunctione | 14 (30.4) | 10 (18.5) | 0.61 | (0.30; 1.24) | 0.164 |
| Troponin I 16–24 h post-surgery, ng/mLa | 4.1 (2.5; 7.9) | 3.5 (1.9; 7.0) | 0.59b | (− 0.78; 1.86) | 0.354# |
Data given as number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated. Chi-squared tests were used for statistical tests unless otherwise indicated
RR risk ratio, ICU intensive care unit
* Fisher exact test
#Wilcoxon rank sum test
aData given as median (range)
bMedian difference
cComposite including new or worsening LV failure, myocardial infarct, atrial fibrillation, and stroke
dComposite including atelectasis, pneumonia, and mechanical ventilation > 24 h
eIncrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate > 25%