Table 1.
Patients characteristics at inclusion according to the result of the first spontaneous breathing trial (SBT)
| Study population (n = 59) |
SBT success (n = 47) |
SBT failure (n = 12) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62 (52–73) | 63 (52–73) | 58 (45–70) | 0.38 |
| Gender, M/F | 39/20 | 29/18 | 10/2 | 0.157 |
| Heart failure with LVEF ≤ 40% (%) | 44 (75) | 35 (74) | 9 (75) | 0.97 |
| COPD (%) | 20 (36) | 16 (34) | 4 (33) | 0.848 |
| Reason for ICU admission | ||||
| Acute pulmonary edema (%) | 13 (22) | 10 (21) | 3 (25) | 0.78 |
| Cardiogenic shock (%) | 7 (12) | 6 (13) | 1 (8) | 0.67 |
| Cardiorespiratory arrest (%) | 7 (12) | 6 (13) | 1 (8) | 0.78 |
| Exacerbation of COPD (%) | 6 (10) | 5 (11) | 1 (8) | 0.81 |
| Post cardiac surgery (%) | 9 (15) | 8 (17) | 1 (8) | 0.76 |
| Other (%) | 17 (29) | 12 (26) | 5 (41) | 0.47 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy (%) | 38 (53) | 31 (66) | 7 (58) | 0.95 |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy (%) | 11 (19) | 7 (28) | 4 (33) | 0.09 |
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (%) | 6 (10) | 6 (13) | 0 (0) | 0.22 |
| Severe aortic valve disease (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
| Severe pulmonary hypertension (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
| Non severe valve disease (%) | 8 (17) | 6 (13) | 2 (17) | 0.62 |
| Obesity (%) | 13 (22) | 10 (21) | 3 (25) | 0.64 |
| Severity scores | ||||
| SAPS 2 | 38.5 (30–53) | 39 (30–53) | 35.5 (23.5–51) | 0.46 |
| SOFA | 6 (4–9) | 6 (4–9) | 6 (3–10) | 0.72 |
| Vital status | ||||
| ICU mortality (%) | 4 (7) | 2 (4) | 2 (17) | 0.13 |
| Therapy on inclusion | ||||
| Bronchodilators (%) | 9 (15) | 7 (15) | 2 (16) | 0.765 |
| Corticosteroids (%) | 8 (14) | 6 (13) | 2 (16) | 0.62 |
| Furosemide (%) | 25 (42) | 20 (43) | 5 (42) | 0.82 |
| Nitrates (%) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.63 |
| Catecholamines (%) | 17 (29) | 13 (28) | 4 (33) | 0.54 |
| Respiratory parameters | ||||
| FiO2, % | 30 (30–40) | 30 (30–40) | 30 (30–37.5) | 0.695 |
| Pressure support level, cm H2O | 12 (10–14) | 12 (10–14) | 14 (11–15) | 0.234 |
| PEEP, cmH2O | 7 (4–10) | 6 (4–10) | 9 (7–10) | 0.128 |
| RR, breath/min | 19 (16–24) | 19 (16–22) | 20 (16–20) | 0.884 |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation, h | 110 (60–180) | 96 (54–171) | 127 (86–241) | 0.30 |
| SaO2, % | 98 (96–99) | 100 (96–100) | 97 (96–99) | 0.59 |
| PaO2, mmHg | 142 (81–234) | 99 (85–108) | 86 (85–120) | 0.51 |
| PaO2/FiO2 | 287 (235–351) | 287 (228–353) | 288 (241–340) | 0.91 |
| PaCO2, mmHg | 42 (33–60) | 36 (32–43) | 35 (32–40) | 0.55 |
| Hydric balance | ||||
| Weight difference (admission), kg | − 2.0 (− 4.2/ + 1.2) | − 2.5 (− 4.8/ + 1) | 0.75 (− 2.95/ + 5.6) | 0.02 |
| Fluid balance (admission), ml | − 2150 (− 3505/ + 1282) | − 2326 (− 3715/ + 863) | 146 (− 2654/ + 4434) | 0.047 |
Results are expressed as medians (with 25th and 75th percentiles in parentheses), or as numbers (percentages in parentheses)
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology score, SOFA sepsis-related organ failure assessment, ICU intensive care unit, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, RR respiratory rate