Table 2.
Hemodynamic parameters and echocardiographic findings obtained immediately before and during the first spontaneous breathing trial (SBT)
| General population (n = 59) |
SBT success (n = 47) |
SBT failure (n = 12) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before SBT | ||||
| Hemodynamic parameters | ||||
| HR, bpm | 94 (82–108) | 90 (80–103) | 96 (86–113) | 0.13 |
| sBP, mmHg | 138 (130–151) | 142 (130–153) | 131 (108–138) | 0.08 |
| dBP, mmHg | 79 (71–87)* | 78 (71–87) | 81 (69–88) | 0.65 |
| mBP, mmHg | 97 (87–107)* | 98 (88–107)* | 92 (82–110) | 0.61 |
| Echocardiography findings | ||||
| E, cm/s | 85 (61–100)* | 83 (62–91) | 101 (84–144) | 0.046 |
| A, cm/s | 85 (62–109) | 86 (23–172) | 58 (37–101) | 0.025 |
| E/A | 0.9 (0.8–1.4)* | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 1.7 (1.3–2.4) | 0.001 |
| DTE, ms | 147 (109–206)* | 173 (128–213) | 107 (94–129) | 0.002 |
| E′ lateral, cm/s | 9.9 (7.5–12.6) | 9.9 (7.5–12.4) | 9.8 (7–15.3) | 0.66 |
| E/E′ | 8.4 (5.7–11.3)* | 9.1 (5.6–11) | 9.2 (6.6–12.5) | 0.32 |
| MR/LA area | 0.18 (0.14–0.23) | 0.2 (0.16–0.24) | 0.15 (0.13–0.31) | 0.87 |
| LVEF, % | 35 (24–40) | 35 (26–40) | 24 (18–36) | 0.083 |
| LVOT VTI, cm | 16.1 (12.8–21) | 16.6 (13.4–20.9) | 14.6 (8.5–21.2) | 0.295 |
| TR peak velocity, m/s | 2.96 (2.66–3.38)* | 2.87 (2.53–3.05) | 3.39 (2.86–3.78) | 0.047 |
| During SBT | ||||
| Hemodynamic parameters | ||||
| HR, bpm | 102 (91–115) | 96 (86–113) | 131 (113–143) | < 0.0001 |
| sBP, mmHg | 146 (125–158) | 147 (125–157) | 140 (118–168) | 0.8 |
| dBP, mmHg | 80 (70–95)* | 80 (70–93) | 80 (65–98) | 0.98 |
| mBP, mmHg | 104 (90–113)* | 104 (93–113)* | 111 (72–113) | 0.95 |
| Echocardiography findings | ||||
| E, cm/s | 95 (75–115)* | 93 (74–109) | 122 (92–159) | 0.017 |
| A, cm/s | 83 (68–112) | 88 (75–114) | 60 (33–94) | 0.012 |
| E/A | 0.9 (0.8–1.8)* | 0.88 (0.8–1.3) | 2.1 (1.2–3.6) | 0.001 |
| DTE, ms | 128 (89–163)* | 147 (103–175) | 85 (72–125) | 0.004 |
| E′ lateral, cm/s | 10.6 (8–12.6) | 10 (8.1–12.3) | 11.4 (7–16.1) | 0.26 |
| E/ E′ | 9.5 (7.5–12.7)* | 9.6 (7.2–12.7) | 9.3 (7.8–16) | 0.84 |
| MR/LA area | 0.21 (0.15–0.3) | 0.21 (0.14–0.24) | 0.26 (0.17–0.4) | 0.57 |
| LVEF, % | 32 (22–42) | 33 (24–46) | 23 (13–33) | 0.033 |
| LVOT VTI, cm | 16.8 (12.8–20.7) | 17.5 (14.1–20.8) | 11.5 (7.7–19.2) | 0.088 |
| TR peak velocity, m/s | 3.18 (2.92–3.56)* | 3.01 (2.73–3.3) | 3.67 (3.15–4.15) | 0.12 |
HR heart rate, sBP systolic blood pressure, dBP diastolic blood pressure, mBP mean blood pressure, DTE deceleration time of mitral E wave, MR mitral regurgitation, LA left atrium, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVOT left ventricular outflow tract, VTI velocity–time integral, TR tricuspid regurgitation
*Significant difference between parameters measured under positive pressure ventilation and during the weaning trial