Table 3.
Summary estimates of the performance of combinations of clinical findings from individual studies
| Sensitivity, % (95% CI) | Specificity, % (95% CI) | Positive likelihood ratio (95% CI) | Negative likelihood ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tejerina et al. [51] (142 with VAP, 111 without VAP) | ||||
| Chest radiography infiltrate + any 1 of: leukocytosis, fever, purulent secretions | 64.8 (56.6–72.2) | 36 (27.7–45.3) | 1.01 (0.84–1.22) | 0.98 (0.7–1.36) |
| Chest radiography infiltrate + all 3 of: leukocytosis, fever, purulent secretions | 15.5 (10.5–22.3) | 91 (84.2–95) | 1.72 (0.85–3.48) | 0.93 (0.85–1.02) |
| Fabregas et al. [40] (13 with VAP, 12 without VAP) | ||||
| Chest radiography infiltrate + any 1 of: leukocytosis, fever, purulent secretions | 84.6 (57.8–95.7) | 33.3 (13.8–60.9) | 1.27 (0.8–2.02) | 0.46 (0.1–2.08) |
| Chest radiography infiltrate + any 2 of: leukocytosis, fever, purulent secretions | 69.2 (42.4–87.3) | 75 (46.8–91.1) | 2.77 (0.97–7.87) | 0.41 (0.17–0.99) |
| Chest radiography infiltrate + all 3 of: leukocytosis, fever, purulent secretions | 23.1 (8.2–50.3) | 91.7 (64.6–98.5) | 2.77 (0.33–23.14) | 0.84 (0.6–1.18) |
| Torres et al. [52] (18 with VAP, 12 without VAP) | ||||
| Purulent secretions and either: A) leukocytosis; OR B) chest radiography infiltrate* | 70 | 45 |
CI = confidence interval. *2 × 2 table not provided in paper