Table 2.

Ventilation parameters and Reynolds number for different study cases

Mode	Ppeak (kPa)	RR (min−1)	I:E	PEEP (kPa)	Strategy (ml kg-1)	MVv (l)	PIF (l s−1)	PEF (l s−1)	$\stackrel{\cdot }{V}$insp (m s−1)	$\stackrel{\cdot }{V}$exp (m s−1)	Re (insp) (–)	Re(exp) (–)
PCV	0.8	36	01:01	0.3	PH (6)	0.18	0.012	0.036	0.123	0.123	89	89
PCV	0.8	36	01:02	0.6	PH (6)	0.18	0.014	0.033	0.143	0.143	104	104
PCV	0.8	36	01:01	0.3	PH (6)	0.18	0.012	0.039	0.123	0.123	89	89
PCV	1	36	01:02	0.6	PH (6)	0.19	0.018	0.044	0.193	0.193	141	141
PCV	1.1	48	01:01	0.3	PH (6)	0.24	0.023	0.045	0.242	0.242	176	176
PCV	1.2	48	01:02	0.6	PH (6)	0.28	0.025	0.041	0.261	0.261	190	190
PCV	1	48	01:01	0.3	PH (6)	0.23	0.017	0.042	0.174	0.174	127	127
PCV	0.9	48	01:02	0.6	PH (6)	0.23	0.013	0.038	0.140	0.140	102	102
PCV	1	36	01:01	0.3	SV (8)	0.26	0.018	0.051	0.193	0.193	141	141
PCV	1	36	01:01	0.6	SV (8)	0.27	0.018	0.047	0.193	0.193	141	141
PCV	1.1	36	01:02	0.3	SV (8)	0.26	0.027	0.052	0.283	0.283	206	206
PCV	1.1	36	01:02	0.6	SV (8)	0.27	0.025	0.051	0.266	0.266	194	194
PCV	1.1	48	01:01	0.3	SV (8)	0.31	0.013	0.042	0.141	0.141	103	103
PCV	1.1	48	01:01	0.6	SV (8)	0.31	0.013	0.042	0.140	0.140	102	102
PCV	1.3	48	01:02	0.3	SV (8)	0.32	0.020	0.045	0.214	0.214	156	156
PCV	1.3	48	01:02	0.6	SV (8)	0.31	0.019	0.040	0.202	0.202	147	147
Mode	Fmax (min−1)	RR (min−1)	PEEP (kPa)	Strategy (ml kg−1)		MVv (l)	PIF (l s−1)	PEF (l s−1)	$\stackrel{\cdot }{V}$insp (m s−1)	$\stackrel{\cdot }{V}$exp (m s−1)	Re(insp) (–)	Re(exp) (–)
VCVCF	2.3	36	0.3	PH (6)		0.18	0.024	0.026	0.255	0.277	185	201
VCVCF	2.3	36	0.6	PH (6)		0.18	0.025	0.032	0.260	0.332	190	242
VCVCF	2.1	48	0.6	PH (6)		0.18	0.023	0.032	0.247	0.336	180	244
VCVCF	2.1	48	0.3	PH (6)		0.23	0.022	0.032	0.235	0.333	171	243
VCVCF	2.7	48	0.3	SV (8)		0.33	0.029	0.043	0.309	0.452	225	329
VCVCF	2.7	48	0.6	SV (8)		0.33	0.027	0.039	0.281	0.414	204	301
VCVCF	2.8	36	0.6	SV (8)		0.25	0.028	0.044	0.291	0.464	212	338
VCVCF	2.8	36	0.3	SV (8)		0.25	0.030	0.042	0.313	0.442	228	321
Mode	Fmax (l min−1)	RR (min−1)	PEEP (kPa)	Strategy (ml kg−1)		MVv (l)	PIF (l s−1)	PEF (l s−1)	$\stackrel{\cdot }{V}$insp (m s−1)	$\dot{\mathrm{V}}$exp (m s−1)	Re(insp) (–)	Re(exp) (–)
VCVDF	3.2	36	0.3	PH (6)		0.18	0.022	0.026	0.231	0.274	168	200
VCVDF	3.2	36	0.6	PH (6)		0.19	0.023	0.028	0.241	0.294	175	214
VCVDF	2.5	48	0.3	PH (6)		0.22	0.018	0.027	0.193	0.280	141	204
VCVDF	2.7	48	0.6	PH (6)		0.23	0.020	0.026	0.210	0.275	153	200
VCVDF	3.2	36	0.3	SV (8)		0.23	0.025	0.038	0.263	0.402	191	293
VCVDF	3.2	36	0.6	SV (8)		0.24	0.024	0.038	0.252	0.404	183	294
VCVDF	2.9	48	0.6	SV (8)		0.32	0.022	0.038	0.228	0.403	166	293
VCVDF	3	48	0.3	SV (8)		0.32	0.023	0.037	0.246	0.386	179	281

PCV, pressure-controlled mode of ventilation; VCV_CF, VCV_DF, volume-controlled mode of ventilation with constant and descending flow, respectively; P_Peak, pressure limit; RR, respiratory rate; I:E, inspiration:expiration ratio; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; STRATEGY, tidal volume per kilogram of body mass; PH, permissive hypercapnia (6 ml kg⁻¹); SV, standard ventilation (8 ml kg⁻¹); MV_V, minute ventilation set on the ventilator; F_max, flow limit set on the ventilator; Re_(insp), Re_(exp), Reynold’s number for inspiration and expiration, respectively; PIF, PEF, peak inspiratory flow and peak expiratory flow; ${\dot{V}}_{\mathit{\text{insp}}}$, ${\dot{V}}_{\mathit{exp}}$, mean linear velocity during inspiration and expiration, respectively