Table 2.
Demographic, surgical, and ventilation-related characteristics of patients according to outcome (success and failure groups)
| Variable | Outcome of NIV | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Success (n = 105) | Failure (n = 65) | ||
| Sex | 0.013 | ||
| Male | 61 | 25 | |
| Female | 44 | 40 | |
| Age (Months) | 2 (0; 108)a | 1 (0; 36)a | 0.098** |
| Interface | 0.714 | ||
| Face mask | 45 | 26 | |
| Nasal cannula | 60 | 39 | |
| Sedation | 0.084 | ||
| Yes | 75 (71.4%) | 54 (83%) | |
| Genetic syndrome | 0.342 | ||
| Yes | 18 (17.1%) | 15 (23%) | |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 0.254 | ||
| Yes | 18 (17.1%) | 7 (10.7%) | |
| ECC (min) | 86.1 (64.7)b | 85.1 (58.8)b | 0.669* |
| IMV duration (days) | 3 (0; 211)a | 5 (0; 139)a | 0.186* |
| NIV duration (h) | 46 (3; 402)a | 48 (1; 286)a | 0.804** |
| RACHS-1 (N) | 0.097* | ||
| 1 | 3 (2.8%) | 0 (0) | |
| 2 | 20 (19%) | 20 (30.7%) | |
| 3 | 24 (22.8%) | 18 (27.7%) | |
| 4 | 34 (32.4%) | 17 (26.1%) | |
| 5 | 3 (2.8%) | 1 (1.5%) | |
| 6 | 21 (20%) | 9 (13.8%) | |
ECC extracorporeal circulation, IMV invasive mechanical ventilation, NIV noninvasive mechanical ventilation, RACHS-1 risk-adjusted classification for congenital heart surgery score
aMedian (min; max)
bMean (SD)
Chi-square test, *Mann–Whitney test, **Student’s t test