Fig. 4.

The postnatal/adult ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) niche. a Coronal section of the postnatal/adult brain. Lining the lateral ventricles of the postnatal/adult brain is a cell dense area known as the V-SVZ. The V-SVZ contains several cell types: ependymal cells (brown), neural stem cells (blue), transit amplifying cells (red), and early neuroblasts (orange). CC corpus callosum, LV lateral ventricle. b A subpopulation of radial glial precursors (RGPs) that produce cortical, septal, striatal neurons, and glia embryonically, becomes quiescent between ~E13 and E15. These cells remain quiescent until they are activated during adulthood and generate olfactory bulb interneurons [77]. The transition to quiescence is indicated in the schematic by the shift in the color of RGPs from light to dark blue. c In the V-SVZ, quiescent NSCs (blue) become activated (purple) and give rise to transit amplifying cells (red) before generating early V-SVZ neuroblasts (yellow), which migrate toward the olfactory bulb. In the olfactory bulb, these late neuroblasts (orange) complete their differentiation into various subtypes of interneurons. Global protein translation and mTOR activity increase as quiescent NSCs become activated and generate transit amplifying cells, but then drops in early neuroblasts before increasing again as early neuroblasts mature into late OB neuroblasts [82]. miRNAs and RBPs regulate the translation of specific mRNAs to either promote V-SVZ NSC proliferation or promote neurogenesis