Table 4.
Nouns | Verbs | Questions/negations | Sentence structure | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 points | |||||||
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N9 N11 |
Noun Pronoun Modifier 2-word NP Article before noun 2-word NP after verb Plural suffix 3-word NP Other morph. noun/adj |
V1 V2 V3 V4 V6 V8 V13 V14 V15 |
Verb Particle/preposition Prepositional phrase Copula linking 2 nouns Auxiliary BE, DO, have Adverb Past tense auxiliary “Medial” adverb Emphasis or ellipsis |
Q1 Q2 Q8 |
Intonation Routine, etc. Y/N inverted copula/modal/aux |
S1 S2 S3 S6 S7 S10 S11 S14 S16 S20 |
2 words Subject–verb Verb–object Any 2 verbs Conjoined phrase Subordinate conjunction + clause V + nominal clause, mental state Bitransitive predicate Relative clause Passive or full tag comment clause |
1 point | |||||||
N8 N10 |
2-word NP before verb NP adverb |
V7 V16 |
Progressive –ing
Past tense copula |
Q3N Q4 Q6 Q7N Q9 |
No(t) + X Wh-question + verb Wh- with inversion Negative copula/modal/aux Why, When, Which, Whose |
S4 S5 S8 S9 S12 S13 S18 S19 |
Subject–verb–object Conjunction (any) Infinitive Let/Make/Help/Watch Conjoined clauses If or wh-clause Gerund Front, center subordinate |
0 points | |||||||
V5 V9 V10 V11 V12 V17 |
Verb + infinitive Modal before verb Third-person singular present Past tense modal Regular past tense Other morp. V/adv. |
Q5N Q10 Q11 |
Negative between S + verb Tag question Question with negation + inversion |
S15 S17 |
3 or more (non aux) verbs Infinitive clause: new subject |
Note. NP = noun phrase; Morph. = morpheme; adj. = adjective; aux = auxiliary; V = verb; adv. = adverb; S = subject.