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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 27.
Published in final edited form as: J Mol Biol. 2020 Feb 13;432(7):2030–2041. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.01.043

Figure 4. BMP9 induces TGFβsignaling through induction of HOXD3.

Figure 4

(a), Expression of TGFβ1 and ALK5 in HUVECs treated with BMP9 as shown by real-time PCR, immunoblotting and immunostaining.

(b) Activation of pSMAD2 in HUVECs treated with BMP9 as shown by immunoblotting and immunostaining.

(c-d) Expression of HOXD3, TGFβ1 and ALK5 in HUVECs after infection with lentiviral vectors over-expressing HOXD3, as shown by real-time PCR, immunoblotting and immunostaining.

(e) Activation of pSMAD2 in HUVECs after infection with lentiviral vectors over-expressing HOXD3, as shown by immunoblotting and immunostaining.

(f) HOXD3 DNA-binding sites (HS) in the promoter of the Tgfβ1 gene.

(g) Increased HOXD3 DNA-binding in the Tgfβ1 promoter in Mgp−/− aortas as shown by ChIP-assays.

Data were analyzed by Student’s t test. ***, P<0.001. Error bars are standard deviation. ***, P < 0.001. Scale bar, 50 μm.