Table 5.
Age- and multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) for risk of site-specific cancers by sugary beverage (servings/week) categoriesa
| Breast cancer (n = 124)e | Prostate cancer (n = 157)f | Colorectal cancer (n = 68)g | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. at risk (no. with cancer) | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)h | No. at risk (no. with cancer) | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)i | No. at risk (no. with cancer) | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)j | |
| Sugary drinksb | |||||||||
| Tertile 1 | 595 (48) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 522 (42) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1,067 (17) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Tertile 2 | 526 (33) | 0.78 (0.50–1.22) | 0.76 (0.48–1.19) | 476 (60) | 1.29 (0.87–1.93) | 1.26 (0.84–1.90) | 1,058 (31) | 1.89 (1.04–3.43) | 2.07 (1.12–3.82) |
| Tertile 3 | 568 (43) | 1.02 (0.67–1.54) | 1.00 (0.65–1.57) | 497 (55) | 1.35 (0.91–2.03) | 1.36 (0.88–2.09) | 1,059 (20) | 1.13 (0.59–2.17) | 1.39 (0.68–2.82) |
| Fruit juicec | |||||||||
| Tertile 1 | 576 (47) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 500 (38) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1,097 (20) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Tertile 2 | 622 (36) | 0.65 (0.42–1.01) | 0.66 (0.43–1.02) | 519 (57) | 1.37 (0.91–2.06) | 1.34 (0.88–2.04) | 1,120 (24) | 1.12 (0.62–2.03) | 1.21 (0.66–2.22) |
| Tertile 3 | 490 (41) | 1.02 (0.67–1.56) | 1.03 (0.67–1.62) | 476 (62) | 1.59 (1.06–2.38) | 1.58 (1.04–2.41) | 966 (24) | 1.35 (0.74–2.46) | 1.66 (0.88–3.12) |
| SSBd | |||||||||
| Tertile 1 | 717 (50) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 419 (45) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1,136 (27) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Tertile 2 | 565 (47) | 1.23 (0.82–1.84) | 1.21 (0.80–1.83) | 450 (43) | 1.28 (0.88–1.86) | 1.26 (0.86–1.85) | 1,015 (19) | 0.77 (0.43–1.40) | 0.76 (0.41–1.41) |
| Tertile 3 | 406 (27) | 1.06 (0.66–1.69) | 1.04 (0.64–1.71) | 626 (69) | 1.08 (0.72–1.62) | 1.06 (0.69–1.63) | 1,032 (22) | 0.91 (0.51–1.60) | 0.96 (0.51–1.82) |
Tertiles of intake were compared.
Sugary drinks include sugar sweetened beverages and fruit juice.
Fruit juice includes apple juice/cider, orange juice, grapefruit juice and other juice.
Sugar-sweetened beverages include regular sugar-sweetened soda and fruit drinks (lemonade and punch).
For breast cancers, tertile cutoffs (servings/week) were as follows for sugary drinks: T1: <3.5, T2: 3.5–8.4, T3: >8.4; fruit juice: T1: <1.5, T2: 1.5–7.0, T3: >7.0; SSB: T1: 0, T2: 0–1, T3: >1.
For prostate cancers, tertile cutoffs (servings/week) were as follows for sugary drinks: T1: <5.5, T2: 5.5–10.4, T3: >10.4; fruit juice: T1: <2.0, T2: 2.0–7.0, T3: >7.0; SSB: T1: 0.5, T2: 0.5–3.5, T3: >3.5.
For colorectal cancers, tertile cutoffs (servings/week) were as follows for sugary drinks: T1: <4.0, T2: 4.0–9.4, T3: >9.4; fruit juice: T1: <1.9, T2: 1.9–7.0, T3: >7.0; SSB: T1: <0.5, T2: 0.5–3.5, T3: >3.5.
Models were adjusted for age, energy, smoking, alcohol, menopausal status, age at menopause, hormone therapy use and number of live births. Additional adjustment for BMI, waist circumference, chronic diseases (CVD and diabetes), education, physical activity, antioxidant use, percentage energy from fat, and diet soda intake did not alter these findings.
Models were adjusted for age, energy, smoking, and alcohol. Additional adjustment for BMI, waist circumference, chronic diseases (CVD and diabetes), education, physical activity, antioxidant use, percentage energy from fat, and diet soda intake did not alter these findings.
Models were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, alcohol, energy, fiber intake and red and processed meat intake. Additional adjustment for BMI, waist circumference, chronic diseases (CVD and diabetes), education, physical activity, antioxidant use, percentage energy from fat, and diet soda intake did not alter these findings.