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. 2020 May 8;8:388. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00388

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Copyright © 2020 Schmidt, Nowakowski and Kluger.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Analysis of skin model barrier function. (A) The bar graph shows the percentual viability of skin models and advanced skin models after treatment with (Triton+) and without a detergent (Triton-) (n = 3). The values were normalized to the untreated skin model/advanced skin model which was set to 100%. Level of significance ^∗∗p < 0.01. (B) Fluorescein sodium and (C) FITC-dextran were applied topically to the skin models and permeability was assessed over a time period of 6 h with sampling at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after application. The bar graphs depict the percentage of relative fluorescence values normalized to a reference which was set to 100% (fluorescent stock solution in cell culture medium). For FITC-dextran, only values for skin models are shown, as the values for the advanced skin models were below the detection limit. Mean values are presented with SD (n = 3). Level of significance ^∗p < 0.05.