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. 2020 May 8;8:385. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00385

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Copyright © 2020 Hatamikia, Oberoi, Unger, Kronreif, Kettenbach, Buschmann, Figl, Knäusl, Moscato and Birkfellner.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Corresponding axial sections from CT scans of patient, 3D printed thorax phantom and Alderson phantom and twelve printed ribs. Axial sections from CT scans of (A) Patient, (B) 3D printed thorax phantom, (C) Alderson Rando anthropomorphic thorax phantom. Axial sections from CT scans of 3D printed thorax phantom showing (D) Incorporation of air bubble (indicated by red arrow and box), (E) Replication of inhomogeneity in the ventral vertebral cancellous bone (magnified view in the red box), (F) CT scan of the rib specimens for reproducibility tests of the radiopaque amalgamate and model geometry.