Table 1. Johns Hopkins’ TOETVA inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Inclusion	Exclusion
History of hypertrophic scarring or motivation to avoid an anterior cervical incision	Poorly differentiated cancer or anaplastic. Involvement of central neck, lateral neck, or extrathyroidal disease extension
Thyroid diameter ≤10 cm or thyroid volume ≤45 mL	Unable to tolerate anesthesia or patient unfit for surgery
If benign/indeterminate nodule, ≤6 cm or dominant nodule ≤2 cm if Bethesda V/suspicious or confirmed differentiated thyroid cancer	Preoperative RLN paresis
Substernal goiter, grade 1 or Graves’ disease that is controlled with medical management	Prior trans-cervical neck surgery
	Oral abscess

TOETVA, transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach.