Table 3. Comparison of preoperative and postoperative 2 months voice and swallowing outcomes in USMF and midline group.
| Variables | USMF preoperative, mean (±SD) | USMF 2 months postoperative, mean (±SD) | P value | Midline preoperative, mean (±SD) | Midline, 2 months postoperative, mean (±SD) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fmax (Hz) | 666.13±163.62 | 592.70±202.19 | 0.001 | 712.83±208.35 | 638.90±248.47 | 0.017 |
| Fmin (Hz) | 119.65±25.74 | 134.70±31.08 | ns | 121.88±33.63 | 128.98±40.80 | ns |
| Pitch range | 28.18±4.86 | 25.20±7.02 | 0.003 | 30.08±6.78 | 26.88±8.00 | 0.004 |
| MPT (s) | 18.91±5.23 | 19.40±9.09 | ns | 20.85±8.04 | 20.90±10.35 | ns |
| Mean F0 (Hz) | 204.64±42.59 | 210.39±43.77 | ns | 198.23±37.16 | 191.34±45.18 | ns |
| Jitter (%) | 0.86±0.44 | 0.98±0.52 | ns | 0.81±0.42 | 0.95±0.62 | ns |
| Shimmer (%) | 2.27±0.88 | 2.71±1.31 | ns | 2.22±0.88 | 2.53±1.25 | ns |
| VIS | 16.13±6.87 | 15.70±4.91 | ns | 9.45±6.51 | 10.25±7.28 | 0.010 |
| SIS | 9.70±3.91 | 9.10±2.57 | ns | 6.25±4.32 | 6.48±4.60 | ns |
USMF, U-shaped strap muscle flap; SD, standard deviation; Fmax, maximum pitch frequency; Fmin, minimum pitch frequency; MPT, maximum phonation time; mean F0, mean fundamental frequency; VIS, voice impairment score; SIS, swallowing impairment score; ns, not significant.