FIGURE 2.

Temporal proliferation dynamics of subcortical astrocytes during postnatal development. (A) Representative images highlighting the cortex, thalamus, and hypothalamus for quantifying proliferating cells; scale bar: 2 mm. Each white cross with a yellow dot represents an individual cell. (B) Changes in the size of cortex, thalamus, and hypothalamus during early postnatal development. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test; significant differences between the means at P7 (p = 0.001, F_(2,12) = 12.49) and P30 (p < 0.0001, F_(2,9) = 482.38). Density of tdT⁺ [significant differences between the means at P7 (p = 0.044, F_(2,7) = 5.027) and P14 (p = 0.002, F_(2,4) = 49.8)] (C) or EDU⁺ [significant difference between the means at P30 (p < 0.0001, F_(2,9) = 34.85)] (D) cells in cortex, thalamus, and hypothalamus during postnatal development. p-values determined by one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s test. Density of tdT⁺EdU⁺ cells in cortex, thalamus, or hypothalamus generated from P3–7 (E), P8–14 (F), and P15–30 (G); one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s test, significant difference between the means at P30 (p = 0.002, F_(2,9) = 13.2). (H) Calculated genetic labeling efficiency of astrocytes from P3–7, P8–14, and P15–30 in cortex and hypothalamus. (I) Percentage of proliferating astrocytes (tdT⁺EdU⁺/tdT⁺) in cortex, thalamus, or hypothalamus from P15–30; one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test; significant differences between the means (p < 0.0001, F_(2,8) = 140.8). n = 3 images/mouse for 4–5 individual mice. A total of 3000–5000 tdT⁺ or EDU⁺ cells were quantified from three images/mouse per region/time point (a total of 4–5 mice per condition). All p-values shown in the figure were determined by post hoc analysis, and if not otherwise specified represent a comparison between cortex and thalamus.