Table 2.

Morphological characters that delineate species of Balsamia based on specimens for which we have ITS sequences.

Species	Wart color, width x depth-to-cleft (μm), shape	Peridium pigmented cell size, wall thickness; surface features	Spore size (um); Q (ratio L/W)	Gleba chambers open or appressed
alba	white hyphae over brown to red-brown warts, 170–350 x 100–200, flat to rounded or pointed	1–4 layers, 15 x 20–25 μm, 3–5 μm, surface hyphae hyaline, 6–7 μm wide or with scattered pointed cystidium-like cells to 35 μm	24.9 (21–28) x 12.4 (11–13.5) Qav 2.1 (1.7–2.3)	partly open
cascadensis	white hyphae over brown warts, 200–360 x 110–160, rounded to pointed	4–6 layers, 18 x 22, 4 μm; surface hyphae hyaline, 6–7 μm wide	23.7 (21–27) x 11.6 (11–13.5) Q 2.1 (1.6–2.3)	appressed
filamentosa	red-brown, 200–520 um x 80–200, rounded to obtusely pointed	2–4 layers, isodiametric 20–25 or elongate 15 × 33, 2–4 μm; sparse cystidium-like cells to 25 μm	25.6 (24–28) x 12.8 (11.5–14.5) Q 2.0 (1.6–2.4)	appressed
latispora	red to red-brown, 240–300 x 100–250, flat to rounded	2–3 layers, 15–20 μm , 2–3 μm; pointed or rounded cystidium-like cells	22.0 (19–25.5) x 13.1 (11–15.5) Q 1.7 (1.5–2)	mostly appressed
lazyana	orange-red to red-brown, 250–400 x (50–)100–300, flat to rounded, often compound 3–4 lobed	2–3 layers, 22–28 μm, 2–4 μm; pointed cystidium-like cells to 25 μm	23.5 (19.5–27) x 10.1 (8–11.5) Q 2.3 (2–2.7)	open to 1 mm
limuwensis	red-brown to brown, 230–380 x 75–150, rounded to obtusely pointed	2–4 layers, isodiametric 20 μm, 2–4 μm, pointed cystidium-like cells	24.1 (20–31) x 12.1 (10–14.5) Q 2.0 (1.7–2.4)	appressed
magnata	red-brown, 250–500 x 150–300, pointed, often compound of 3 small warts	2–4 layers, 10–15 μm, 4–8 μm	24.5 (20–28.5) x 12.1 (10–14.5) Q 2.0 (17–2.4)	slightly open to appressed
nigrans	black to dark red-brown, 300–600 x 250–500, pointed, often ribbed	4–8 layers, 20 x 30 μm, 6 μm; cystidium-like cells sparse 8 μm wide up to 90 μm long	25.4 (22–29) x 13.2 (10.5–15.5) Q 1.9 (1.5–2.5)	appressed
pallida	pale orange to pale tan, 30–50 x 100, pointed	3–4 layers, isodiametric to elongate 16–26 μm, 2–3.5 μm	26.9 (25–29) x 12.0 (11–13) Q 2.2 (2–2.5)	open to 2 mm
quercicola	red-brown, 200–700 x 100–200, rounded to pointed	3–4 layers isodiametric to elongate 20–25 μm, 2–4 μm; cystidium-like cells 8 μm long	28.7 (25.5–33) x 12.9 (10.5–16) Q 2.2 (2.0–2.5)	appressed
setchellii	red-brown to brown, 300–750 x 200–350, rounded to obtusely pointed	2–4 layers elongate 12 x 24 μm or isodiametric 20 μm, 4 μm, sparse cystidium-like cells to 25 μm	24.6 (21–28) x 13.1 (11–15) Q 1.9 (1.6–2.4)	appressed
trappei	brown to red-brown, 170–350 x 100–120, pointed to rounded	4–5 layers, 25 x 45 μm, 2–6 μm	24.8 (24–26) x 12.3 (11.5–13.5) Q 2.0 (1.7–2.2)	open to 1 mm, sinuous