Table 1.

The sociodemographic profile of the study population.

Parameters	MDD patients (n = 84)			Healthy controls (n = 82)			p-value
	n	%	Mean ± SEM	n	%	Mean ± SEM
Age in years
18–24	5	5.95	34.13 ± 1.50	7	8.54	32.68 ± 1.83	0.689
25–34	42	50.00		44	53.66
35–44	26	30.95		22	26.83
45–60	11	13.10		9	10.98
Gender							0.272
Male	26	30.95		35	42.68
Female	58	69.05		47	57.32
Marital status							0.741
Unmarried	37	44.05		39	47.56
Married	47	55.95		43	52.44
BMI (kg/m2)
Below 18.5 (CED)	8	9.52	25.18 ± 0.90	4	4.88	24.50 ± 0.81	0.575
18.5–25 (normal)	45	53.57		48	58.54
Above 25 (obesity)	31	36.90		30	36.59
Education level							0.857
Illiterate	8	9.52		9	10.98
Primary	24	28.57		20	24.39
Secondary	39	46.43		42	51.22
Graduate and above	13	15.48		11	13.41
Occupation							0.147
Service	7	8.33		8	9.76
Business	3	3.57		4	4.88
Housekeeper	32	38.10		30	36.59
Unemployed	15	17.86		14	17.07
Others	27	32.14		26	31.71
Economic impression
Lower	26	30.95	30.03 ± 1.57	25	30.49	31.15 ± 1.63	0.573
Middle	45	53.57		42	51.22
Higher	13	15.48		15	18.29
Area residence							0.932
Urban	29	34.52		30	36.59
Rural	55	65.48		52	63.41
Smoking history							0.739
Non-smoker	60	71.43		60	73.17
Smoker	24	28.57		22	26.83

BMI, body mass index; CED, chronic energy deficiency; MDD, major depressive disorder; SEM, standard error of the mean.