Table 6.

Overview over identified relationships between technology and work characteristics.

Number of study	Work-related aspects affected by technology (clustered)	Work characteristic	Computer	ICTs	IT systems	Automated systems	Social media	Clinical technology	Field technology	Robots
7, 17	Level of interruptions	Workflow interruptions	⊕	+
19, 21	Support of workflow			−+						+
7, 12	Level of multitasking		⊕			+
2, 1, 9, 13, 18	Workload	Workload	⊕⊕	⊕⊖⊕+		+		+
5, 8	Workload pressure/Work pressure					⊕	⊕
7, 12	Level of job speed/Time pressure		⊕			+
11	Facilitation of physical tasks	Manual work				−
11, 15	Content, scope and amount of routine tasks					−				−
14	Physical demands					+
11	Diagnosing and navigating demand	Mental work				+
6, 11	Monitoring tasks/demand					⊘+
6, 13	Problem-solving demand					⊘+
15	New challenging mental tasks									+
2	Invasion of privacy	Privacy		⊕⊖⊕
9, 16	Managerial- or peer surveillance				/		+
10	Control over work-related data								−
10	Managerial tracking of behavior								+
1, 6, 21	Method-order autonomy/Time method control	Autonomy	⊕⊖	+		⊖
3, 6	Job decision latitude/Job enrichment			⊕⊕⊖⊘		⊘
7	Job autonomy		⊘
5, 8	Autonomy					⊖	⊕
17, 18, 21	Flexibility			+++
2	Role ambiguity	Role expectations		⊕⊕⊘
6, 14, 19	Role expansion					⊘+−				−
21, 16	Availability, connectivity and networking pressure			++			+
9, 20	Meaningful content of work				−	+−
4, 9	Complexity	Complexity			⊕⊕			+
7	Job complexity		⊘
12	Situational awareness					−
9, 19, 20	Opportunities for learning, and professional development	Opportunities for development				+−		+		−
12, 17	Continuous qualification demands			+		+

+, positive relationship; –, negative relationship; /, explicitly no relationship; Quantitative results are encircled; the total number of effects may exceed the number of studies reported due some studies reporting several different effects.