Figure 5.

Mismatch repair (MMR) pathway. The schematic diagram summarizes the main components and the mechanism of the mismatch repair pathway. This repairing pathway removes and replaces mispaired bases that were not fixed during proofreading using a group of proteins that recognizes and binds to the mispaired base. Then, other protein complexes chop off the DNA near the mismatch, which is followed by cutting of the incorrect nucleotide and surrounding patches of DNA using specific enzymes in order to be able to replace the missing section with the correct nucleotides.