| CIS: | carcinoma in situ; |
| CSS: | cancer-specific survival; |
| ECM: | extracellular matrix; |
| EMT: | epithelial-mesenchymal transition; |
| FAK: | focal adhesion kinase; |
| GAL1: | galectin-1; |
| HR: | hazard ratio; |
| IHC: | immunohistochemical; |
| IQR: | interquartile range; |
| LVI: | lymphovascular invasion; |
| MMP: | matrix metalloproteinase; |
| mTOR: | mammalian target of rapamycin; |
| PI3K: | phosphoinositide 3-kinase; |
| q-PCR: | quantitative polymerase chain reaction; |
| RFS: | recurrence-free survival; |
| TCGA: | The Cancer Genome Atlas; |
| TIMP: | tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases; |
| UC: | urothelial carcinoma; |
| UCB: | urothelial carcinoma of the bladder; |
| UTUC: | upper tract urothelial carcinoma. |
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