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JNK enhances fibrosis via crosstalk with TGFβ, PDGF, STAT3, and WNT signaling pathways. JNK acts downstream of TGFβ, PDGF, and Wnt signaling pathways to regulate expression of profibrotic genes. In addition, JNK enhances TGFβ secretion, and crosstalk with STAT3 to further enhance pro-fibrosis. The dashed lines show the canonical STAT3 and WNT signaling pathways which are not discussed in the review.
