FIGURE 5.

(A) Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in C. tropicalis at different time points (24 and 48 h) and concentrations (100, 200, and 400 μg mL⁻¹) of PA as imaged in CLSM by Rhodamine 123 staining. Presence of PA mediated loss of mitochondrial membrane permeability and induced apoptosis in C. tropicalis. (B) Representative SDA agar plates depicting the effect of PA on the sensitivity of C. tropicalis to H₂O₂. Native PAGE revealing expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (C) and catalase (D) in PA (0, 100, 200, and 400 μg mL⁻¹) treated C. tropicalis after 24 and 48 h.