Table 1.
Genes modulated in high/low B4GALNT2 cohorts.
| Genes Up-Regulated in High B4GALNT2 Expressers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene Name | Protein | Functional Class | Functions | p-Value |
| CLCA1 | Chloride Channel Accessory 1 | Mucin-related | Involved in chloride conductance and regulation of mucus production. Potential tumor suppressor. Induces MUC5AC. | **** |
| FCGBP | Fc Fragment of IgG Binding Protein | May be involved in the maintenance of the mucosal structure as a gel-like component of the mucosa. | **** | |
| MUC2 | Mucin 2, Oligomeric Mucus/Gel-Forming | Coats the epithelia of the intestines and other mucous membranes. Downreguled in inflammatory bowel diseases. | **** | |
| AGR2 | Anterior Gradient 2, Protein Disulphide Isomerase Family Member | Required for MUC2 post-transcriptional synthesis and secretion. Proto-oncogene. | **** | |
| MUC5B | Mucin 5B, Oligomeric Mucus/Gel-Forming | Coats the epithelia of the mucous membranes. | ** | |
| LCN2 | Lipocalin 2 | Immune function | Limits bacterial growth by sequestering iron-containing siderophores. | * |
| IGJ | Joining Chain Of Multimeric IgA And IgM | Joins IgM and IgA in multimeric complexeses. | **** | |
| PIGR | Poly-immunoglobulin receptor | Allows the trans-epithelial transport of polymeric IgA to the gut lumen. | **** | |
| REG1A | Regenerating family member 1α | Regeneration and repair | Regenerating proteins are acute phase reactants, lectins, antiapoptotic or growth factors. | **** |
| REG4 | Regenerating family member 4 | **** | ||
| TFF3 | Trefoil factor 3 | Involved in maintenance and repair of the intestinal mucosa. Promotes the mobility of epithelial cells in healing processes. | **** | |
| SERPINA1 | Serpin family A member 1 | Protease inhibition | Serine protease inhibitor for elastase, plasmin, thrombin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and plasminogen activator. | *** |
| SPINK4 | Serine Peptidase Inhibitor Kazal Type 4 | Serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity. | * | |
| ITM2C | Integral Membrane Protein 2C | Secretase inhibitor. | ** | |
| LGALS4 | Galectin 4 | Binding of glycoconjugates | Expression restricted to small intestine, colon, and rectum, and it is down-regulated in colorectal cancer. | **** |
| Genes Up-Regulated in Low B4GALNT2 Expressers | ||||
| IGF2 | Insulin Like Growth Factor 2 | Growth factor | Growth-promoting activity. | **** |
Genes showing a percentage change (PC) higher than 50 were identified according to the formula: PC = (Mean 15% high − Mean 15% low)/Mean All x 100. Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test was used for the comparison between the two cohorts. * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, **** p ≤ 0.0001.